Elevation of Tim-3 and PD-1 Expression on T Cells Appears Early in HIV Infection, and Differential Tim-3 and PD-1 Expression Patterns Can Be Induced by Common γ-Chain Cytokines

Figure 5

Functional consequences of γc cytokine-mediated modulation of Tim-3 and PD-1 expression on T cells. PBMCs prestimulated with IL-2 () were harvested at 6 days after stimulation, washed, and then restimulated with HIV gag peptides, TCR, or IL-2 in the presence of blocking antibodies (anti-Tim-3/PD-1). IL-2 and IFN-γ production by CD4+ and CD8+T cells were detected by intracellular cytokine staining.