Research Article

Could In-Home Sensors Surpass Human Observation of People with Parkinson’s at High Risk of Falling? An Ethnographic Study

Table 1

Characteristics of the participants, their fall histories, and video records.

ID-1ID-2ID-4ID-5ID-6

Age (years), gender72, male79, male71, female76, female73, female

Parkinson’s
 Years diagnosed 1151378
 Severity (Hoehn and Yahr [20])IV, severeIV, severeIV, severeIII, moderateIII, moderate

Living arrangementsWith wife
Needs help to leave (semidetached) house
Uses mobility scooter
With wife
Needs help to leave (semidetached) house
Uses mobility scooter
With husband
Usually only leaves (detached) house with help
With husband
Usually only leaves (detached) house with help
Alone, family nearby
Needs help to leave (single storey) house

MobilityUses stick, grab rails,
and perching stool
Limited stair climbing
Marked fluctuation and freezing; using riser chair;
limited stair climbing
(having stairlift)
Marked fluctuation
Little use of aids
Little use of aidsUses perching stool and trolley
No stairs at home

Recent fall history
 Falls>12/year>12/year>1/year>1/year0
 FracturesYesNoYesYesn/a
 High-risk activity Walk through kitchen-diner, negotiating stepWalk from armchair, across hall to toiletNegotiating stairsNegotiating stairsWalk across open space in sitting-dining room

Video review
 Instability noted (walking/standing/transfers) 38 times in 36 min, 1.1/min (13/14/11)86 times in 62 min, 1.4/min (66/1/19)33 times in 19 min, 1.7/min (13/1/19)49 times in 71 min, 0.7/min (22/12/15)21 times in 58 min, 0.4/min (9/5/7)

min = minutes.