p-CLE provides reliable microscopic examination and has excellent sensitivity and NPV with significantly higher accuracy of ERCP and pCLE compared with ERCP with tissue acquisition.
The addition of a pCLE procedure in the diagnostic histologic examination of a biliary stricture permits a significant increase in diagnostic reliability and allows for a VPN of 100%.
pCLE provided a more accurate and sensitive diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma compared with tissue sampling alone.
stands for the number of patients enrolled in the study; pCLE, probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy; CLE, confocal laser endomicroscopy; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; DS, dominant biliary stricture; and CBD, common bile duct.