BioMed Research International / 2016 / Article / Tab 2 / Review Article
Application of PK/PD Modeling in Veterinary Field: Dose Optimization and Drug Resistance Prediction Table 2 Definition of important PK, PD, and PK/PD indices.
PK/PD index Definition Unit References Pharmacodynamics MIC The minimal inhibitory concentration is defined as the lowest concentration of antibiotic that inhibits completely the growth of the specific organism being tested. mg/L or µ g/mL Mouton et al., 2005 [34 ] MBC MBC is the lowest concentration at which 99.9% reduction in bacterial count is achieved mg/L or µ g/mL Tayler et al., 1983 [44 ] MPC MPC (mutant prevention concentration): the lowest concentration that prevents the emergence of mutants after 120 hours of incubation mg/L or µ g/mL Shimizu et al., 2013 [45 ] PAE Postantibiotic effect is the time of suppression of bacterial growth after the bacteria are exposed to antibacterial for a short time Time (h) Mouton et al., 2005 [34 ] Pharmacokinetics AUC The area under the concentration time curve over 24 h at steady state unless otherwise stated. It is equivalent to a single dose AUC0-∞ µ g⋅h/mLMouton et al., 2005 [34 ] Prefix indicating that the pharmacokinetic parameter values or PK/PD index values used are unbound (free) fractions of the drug The highest concentration of drug reached or estimated in the compartment of reference mg/L or µ g/mL Mouton et al., 2005 [34 ] PK/PD integration > MICThe cumulative percentage of 24 h period in which the drug concentration exceeds the MIC at steady state pharmacokinetic condition % Mouton et al., 2005 [34 ] AUC/MIC The area under the concentration time curve divided by MIC No unit Mouton et al., 2005 [34 ] /MICThe peak concentration of drug divided by MIC No unit Mouton et al., 2005 [34 ]