Application of PK/PD Modeling in Veterinary Field: Dose Optimization and Drug Resistance Prediction

Table 3

Classification of antibacterial drugs according to pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics indices. Different group of antibacterials, their bacterial effect, and PK/PD integration most closely related to their clinical effect.

Group	Drugs	PK/PD indices	Activity	Bacterial effect	Duration of PAE	References
1	Aminoglycosides	/MIC or AUC/MIC	Primarily bactericidal	Concentration-dependent	Prolonged	Martinez et al., 2014 [17]
	Fluoroquinolone	AUC/MIC	Bactericidal	Concentration-dependent	Prolonged	Martinez et al., 2014 [17]
	Enrofloxacin	/MIC/AUC : MIC	Bacteriostatic; bactericidal	Concentration-dependent		Balaje et al., 2013 [49]
	Azithromycin	AUC24/MIC
	Tetracycline	AUC24/MIC	Bacteriostatic	Time-dependent	Prolonged	Martinez et al., 2014 [17]
	Colistin	AUC/MIC		Concentration-dependent	Short	Hengzhuang et al., 2012 [59]
	Metronidazole	/MIC/AUC : MIC		Concentration-dependent		Paul et al., 2005 [60]
2	Ketolides	% > MIC	Bacteriostatic or bactericidal	Time-dependent	Prolonged	Martinez et al., 2014 [17]
	Penicillins; Carbapenems; Cephalosporins	% > MIC	Bactericidal	Time-dependent	Non or brief against Gram-negative and prolonged against Gram-positive	Martinez et al., 2014 [17]
	Lincosamides (clindamycin)	% > MIC	Bacteriostatic	Time-dependent	Brief	Martinez et al., 2014 [17]
	Trimethoprim	% > MIC	Bacteriostatic alone and bactericidal with combination	Time-dependent	Brief	Martinez et al., 2014 [17]
	Glycopeptides (vancomycin)	% > MIC	Bactericidal	Time-dependent	Prolonged	Martinez et al., 2014 [17]