-Index for Differentiating Complex Dynamic Traits

Figure 4

Illustrations for the proposition proofs. (a) is a growth curve strictly monotonically increasing. (b) is a nonmonotonic growth curve. (c) is a piecewise smooth growth curve. (d) is a resulting growth curve by smoothening that in (c) near the unsmooth internal point.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)