Magnesium Attenuates Phosphate-Induced Deregulation of a MicroRNA Signature and Prevents Modulation of Smad1 and Osterix during the Course of Vascular Calcification

Table 1

Selection of specific miRs, involved in VSMC phenotypic switch, osteogenesis, or VC, in different cell types, and their effects in cell physiology and related targets as reported in the literature.

miRs	Regulation	Cell type & physiology	Origin	Targets	Reference
29b	Increased	MC3T3 preosteoblastic cells, osteogenesis	Mouse	Collagen 1A1	[13]
30b/30c	Decreased	Coronary artery smooth muscle cells, calcification	Human	Runx2	[18]
30a/30b/30c/30d/30e	Decreased (30b/30c); Increased (30a/30d/30e)	Mesenchymal stem cells/bone marrow stromal cells/MC3T3-E1, osteogenesis	Mouse	Runx2, sox9, osteopontin, and various others	[30]
125b	Decreased	Coronary artery smooth muscle cells	Human	Osterix (sp7)	[15]
133a/135a	Decreased	C2C12 cells, osteogenesis	Mouse	Runx2 (miR-133a)/Smad5 (miR-135a)	[11]
133a	Decreased	Aortic smooth muscle cells and isolated arteries, phenotypic switch, and vascular remodeling	Rat	Acta2, sm-myosin heavy chain	[10]
143/145	Increased	Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, phenotype modulation	Human	klf4/myocardin	[9]
143/145	Decreased	Aortic smooth muscle cells, migration and phenotypic switch	Human	klf4/myocardin	[9]
204	Decreased	Aortic smooth muscle cells, calcification	Mouse	Runx2	[17]
223	Increased	Aortic smooth muscle cells, migration and phenotypic switch	Human	rhoB/mef2c/Acta2	[27]