[Retracted] A Comparison between Three-Dimensional Visualization Guided Hepatectomy and Ultrasonography Guided Radiofrequency Ablation in the Treatment of Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma within the Milan Criteria
Table 2
Postoperative complications in the two groups.
Complication & classification
Group
Chi-square
p value
SR (n)
RFA (n)
Complications (totle)
38
20
= 10.864
0.001
Hydrothorax
4
2
Ascites
7
2
Bile leakage
2
—
Postoperative hemorrhage
1
1
Hepatic failure
—
1
Massive necrosis
—
1
Pneumothorax
—
3
Febrile (>38.5°C & >3 days)
5
2
Pain (PCA included)
23
8
Clavien-Dindo Classification
z = −2.094
0.036
Grade 1
19
16
Grade 2
16
3
Grade 3-4
3
1
Mann-Whitney U test; PCA: patient controlled analgesia.