Comparison of Postoperative Events between Spinal Anesthesia and General Anesthesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 1

Characteristics of trials included in systematic review.

Study	Number of patients (spinal anesthesia/general anesthesia)	Study design	Intra-abdominal CO2 pressure	Patient characteristics	Primary end point	Jadad score
Tiwari et al., 2013 [10]	110/114	RCT	8–10 mmHg	Adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy	Pain score (VAS), nausea/vomiting, urinary retention, hypotension, headache, back pain, sore throat	5
Bessa et al., 2012 [1]	86/90	RCT	10 mmHg	Adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy	Pain score (VAS), PONV, urine retention, postoperative spinal headache, wound sepsis	4
Tzovaras et al., 2008 [11]	49/48	RCT	≤10 mmHg	Adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy	Pain score (VAS), PONV, urinary retention, dizziness	5
Kalaivani et al., 2014 [12]	23/25	RCT	12 mmHg	Adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy	Pain score (VAS), PONV, urinary retention, postoperative spinal headache, wound sepsis	3
Bessa et al., 2010 [4]	30/30	RCT	≤15 mmHg	Adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy	Pain score (VAS), PONV, urine retention, postoperative spinal headache, wound sepsis	4
Ellakany, 2013 [13]	20/20	RCT	≤10 mmHg	Adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy	Pain score (VAS), patient satisfaction, surgeon satisfaction	4
Imbelloni et al., 2010 [14]	34/33	RCT	≤8 mmHg	Adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy	Pain score (VAS), PONV, urine retention, shoulder pain, pruritus, duration of the sensorial blockade, duration of the motor blockade	5
Ross et al. 2013 [21]	10/10	RCT	12–15 mmHg	Adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy	Pain score (VAS), shoulder pain, nausea, urinary retention, severe abdominal pain, dizziness	5

PONV: postoperative nausea and vomiting.