Modulation of Immune Function in Rats Using Oligosaccharides Extracted from Palm Kernel Cake

Table 2

Primer sequences and annealing temperatures used to examine gene expression.

Gene	Forward (5′→3′)	Reverse (5′→3′)	Annealing temperature (°C)
β-Actin	ACCCACACTGTGCCCATCTA	CGGAACCGCTCATTGCC	57
GAPDH	TGCACCACCAACTGCTTAGC	GGCATGGACTGTGGTCATGAG	60
PMI	AGTGTTCCCACTTTCCTGTG	CAGCTTTCCGTTAAAGGTGTC	57
PMM1	ATTGATCCTGAGGTATCAGCC	AATTGATCAAGTCCTGTAGGAGAND	57
PMM2	CTCTGTCTCTTTGACATGGA	CCCAGATGACCTTGAATATTCTG	57
IL-1β	CATCTTTGAAGAAGAGCCCG	AACTATGTCCCGACCATTGC	60
IL-2	TCCCCATGATGCTCACGTTTA	CATTTTCCAGGCACTGAAGATG	57
IL-10	CCTGCTCTTACTGGCTGGAG	GGCAACCCAAGTAACCCTTA	60
IFN-γ	GCCAAGTTCGAGGTGAACAAC	TAGATTCTGGTGACAGCTGGTGAA	57
TNF-α	GGATGAACACGCCAGTCGCC	CGAGTGACAAGCCCGTAGCC	60
MCP-1	CACTATGCAGGTCTCTGTCACG	CTGGTCACTTCTACAGAAGTGC	60
CINC-1	GGCAGGGATTCACTTCAAGA	GCCATCGGTGCAATCTATCT	60
ICAM-1	AGGTATCCATCCATCCCACA	AGTGTCTCATTGCCACGGAG	60
MUC2	GCTCAATCTCAGAAGGCGACAC	CCAGATAACAATGATGCCAGAGC	60
TFF3	ATGGAGACCAGAGCCTTCTG	ACAGCCTTGTGCTGACTGTA	60
Occludin	AAACCCGAAGAAAGATGGACC	TCACTTTGCCGTTGGAGGAG	60

GAPDH: glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase; PMI: phosphomannose isomerase; PMM: phosphomannomutase; IL: interleukin; IFN: interferon; TNF: tumour necrosis factor; MCP: monocyte chemoattractant protein; CINC: cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant; ICAM: intercellular adhesion molecule; MUC: mucin; TFF: trefoil factor.