Major Maternal Dietary Patterns during Early Pregnancy and Their Association with Neonatal Anthropometric Measurement

Table 3

Energy and nutrients intake of the study participants across different categories of healthy dietary pattern score.

	Healthy dietary pattern score				P
	Q1; (<−0.5)	Q2; (−0.5, −0.19)	Q3; (−0.19, 0.24)	Q4; (>0.24)
Energy (kcal/day)	1630.43±550.53^1	1897.63±508.02	2076.23±530.73	2474.13±664.41	<0.001
Carbohydrates (g/day)	209.87±80.12	256.11±70.71	281.67±69.98	338.93±101.65	<0.001
Fat (g/day)	57.29±28.63	68.73±25	74.13±27.04	92.57±45.25	<0.001
Protein (g/day)	62.81 ±23.94	77.45±20.87	88.52±22.48	110.18±35.43	<0.001
Dietary Fiber (g/day)	22.85±11.18	29.49±10.20	33.79±10.60	38.61±14.27	<0.001
Cholesterol (mg/day)	177±91.66	233.67±82.46	254.34±87.20	306.44±141.80	<0.001
Total SFA (g/day)	18.66±10.35	23.75±8.96	24.36±9.57	29.95±15.93	<0.001
Total MUFA (g/day)	15.87±7.74	19.27±6.24	20.30±6.46	25.29±12.48	<0.001
Total PUFA (g/day)	11.11±6.63	13.13±5.72	14.36±5.87	15.46±7.72	<0.001
Vitamin B1 (mg/day)	1.08±0.41	1.28±0.32	1.48±0.39	1.99±0.74	<0.001
Vitamin B2 (mg/day)	1.56±0.74	2.07±0.54	2.36±0.58	3.28±1.60	<0.001
Vitamin B3 (mg/day)	11.84±3.88	13.78±3.63	16.24±4.11	22.53±9.46	<0.001
Vitamin B5 (mg/day)	4.28±1.65	5.57±1.36	8.65±3.76	6.19±2.76	<0.001
Vitamin B6 (mg/day)	1.31±0.44	1.65±0.32	1.88±0.36	2.74±1.33	<0.001
Vitamin B9 (μg/day)	395.89±191.41	453.86±143.92	521.70±159.67	642.55±247.96	<0.001
Vitamin B12 (μg/day)	3.27±1.75	4.24±1.21	4.75±1.48	6.91±4.18	<0.001
Vitamin C (mg/day)	136.99±78.20	211.77±81.71	238.95±108.07	297.12±146.35	<0.001
Vitamin D (μg/day)	1.74±1.53	2.59±1.55	2.90±1.52	3.89±3.23	<0.001
Vitamin E (mg/day)	7.80±4	9.35±2.94	10.11±3.14	12.95±5.59	<0.001
Vitamin K (μg/day)	166.42±135.99	236.23±141.95	296.70±215.39	521.81±386.92	<0.001
Vitamin A (RE/day)	426.54±233.91	621.44±186.20	696.85±248.03	1069.31±672.59	<0.001
Beta carotene (μg/day)	2794.47±1731.83	4125.69±1759.71	4840.34±2498.58	8374.68±6517.27	<0.001
Calcium (mg/day)	914.36±493.16	1198.84±344.86	1361.07±404.54	1771±732.59	<0.001
Magnesium (mg/day)	286.50±117.87	370.13±103.19	421.14±110.60	541.76±232.07	<0.001
Fe (mg/day)	9.89±3.99	11.99±3.52	13.82±3.74	17.57±7.56	<0.001
Manganese (mg/day)	3.21±1.51	3.56±1.30	3.98±1.19	4.66±1.86	<0.001
Na (mg/day)	2827.13±1420.75	2850.06±962.77	3151.11±983.21	3779.85±1664.49	<0.001
K (mg/day)	2985.29±1218.47	4005.89±1073.81	4440.82±1136.99	5641.38±2220.18	<0.001
Zinc (mg/day)	8.99±3.41	11.27±2.85	12.86±3.32	17±7.89	<0.001
Copper (mg/day)	1.15±0.52	1.47±0.49	1.68±0.49	2.05±0.81	<0.001
Selenium (μg/day)	57.68±23.44	68.40±20.85	78.82±22.87	94.49±32.08	<0.001
Chromium (μg/day)	0.011±0.011	0.014±0.014	0.019±0.020	0.018±0.025	<0.001

MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acid; SFA: saturated fatty acid.
from analysis of variance.
are presented as mean± SD.