Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Table 1

Case reports of ISCM from RCC.

Author	Age/; sex	Location	RCC location	Diagnosis	Contrast enhancement of MRI	Time from diagnosis of RCC to ISCM (months)	Other RCC metastasis	Treatment	Outcome	Survival after diagnosis of ISCM (months)
Schijns et al.	70/F	C7	left	MRI	yes	0	liver, contralateral kidney	surgery	improved	>12m
Poggi et al.	37/M	T12	right	MRI, PET	yes	3	lung, bone, brain	radiation	unknown	unknown
Fakih et al.	56/M	C4	right	MRI	unknown	0	lung, brain	radiation	improved	6m
Fakih et al.	60/M	T2	right	MRI	unknown	180	lung, brain	surgery+radiation	improved	5m
Fakih et al.	68/F	L1	-	myelography	-	2	-	radiation	improved	16m
Fakih et al.	57/F	C7	-	MRI	yes	0	lung, brain	radiation	improved	5m
Fakih et al.	46/M	T5	right	MRI	yes	2	lung, brain	radiation+cis-retinoic+α-interferon	improved	4m
Fakih et al.	37/F	C2	bilateral	MRI	unknown	25	lung	surgery	improved	12m
Kaya et al.	43/M	L1	left	MRI	yes	12	systemic organ metastasis	surgery	improved	6m
Altinoz et al.	43/M	T6-7	bilateral	MRI	unknown	26	lung, adrenal gland, brain	surgery	improved	>25m
Donovan et al.	41/F	C4	right	MRI	yes	0	multiple bones	surgery	progressed	6m
Asadi et al.	51/F	L1	left	MRI	no	0	brain, multiple bones	-	unknown	unknown
Parikh et al.	50/M	C5	right	MRI	yes	6	brain	radiation transformed into stereotactic radiosurgery	improved	>28m
Zakaria et al.	62/M	C7	right	MRI	yes	1	lung	surgery	improved	3m
Park et al.	44/M	T12	left	MRI	yes	6	lung	radiation transformed into surgery	improved	>8m
Gao et al.	51/M	T4-5	left	MRI	yes	72	-	surgery	improved	>3m
Present case	58/M	T12	right	MRI	yes	34	lung	surgery+radiation	improved	>6m

NE: nephrectomy; CH: chemotherapy; IL-2: interleukin-2; INF: interferon; MT: molecular target; IM: immunotherapy; PS: pulmonary surgery; BS: brain surgery; BR: brain radiation; BOA: bone radiation; AMM: antigen-modulated mini-stem cell transplant.