Review Article
The Role of the Environmental Risk Factors in the Pathogenesis and Clinical Outcome of Atopic Dermatitis
Table 1
Protective and aggravating factors in the determinism of atopic dermatitis.
| (1) Environmental factors |
| Climate (temperature, UV, humidity, and precipitation) | Urban vs rural life | Diet | Breastfeeding and weaning | Obesity | Physical exercise | Atmospheric pollution (outdoor, indoor pollutants) | Tobacco smoke | Ozone |
| (2) Cutaneous barrier and allergic sensitization |
| (3) Microbial exposure |
| Hygiene | Animals and farm life | Pets (dogs) | Bacterial endotoxins | Helminthes | Paediatric infections and vaccinations | Antibiotic exposure | Microbiome of the intestinal tract and the skin | Probiotics and prebiotics |
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