Glypican-3 Enhances Reprogramming of Glucose Metabolism in Liver Cancer Cells

Figure 1

GPC3 enhanced the Warburg effect in LC cells. (a and b) Knockdown or overexpression of GPC3 in HLE and HLF cells was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis at mRNA and protein levels. (c) Glucose uptake was measured in HLE and HLF cells transfected with siRNAs or expression vectors as indicated (si-GPC3#1 and si-GPC3#2, siRNAs against GPC3; siCtrl, control siRNA; GPC3, expression vector encoding GPC3; EV, empty vector). (d). Lactate production was measured in HLE and HLF cells with treatment as indicated. (e) The pH value in the culture medium was measured in HLE and HLF cells with treatment as indicated. (f) Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured in HLE and HLF cells with treatment as indicated. (g) Relative enzyme activities of respiratory complexes I–V were measured in HLE and HLF cells with treatment as indicated. Data shown are the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. ; .

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