Upregulation of VEGF and PEDF in Placentas of Women with Lower Extremity Venous Insufficiency during Pregnancy and Its Implication in Villous Calcification

Figure 1

Relative quantity mRNA levels of VEGF (a) and TGF-β1 (b). Histological images of VEGF and TGF-β1 protein expression in placentas of VI (c–e) and HC (d–f). VI = lower extremity venous insufficiency; HC = control patients without VI; ().

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