Review Article
Helicobacter pylori Infection, Virulence Genes’ Distribution and Accompanying Clinical Outcomes: The West Africa Situation
Table 1
H. pylori virulence factors and related clinical outcome in some West Africa countries.
| Country | H. pylori genotypes | Clinical outcomes | Reference |
| Ghana | vacAs1m1 | Increased risk of duodenal ulcer disease | [66] | vacAs1m2 | Duodenal ulcer (reduced risk as compared to vacAs1m1) | cagA13-(hydrophilic region) | Duodenal ulcer | cagA24-(region of internal duplication) | Erosive gastritis | Nigeria | iceA1 | Normal pathology | [61] | iceA2 | Normal pathology | vacAs1m1 | Normal pathology | vacAs1m2 | Normal pathology | vacAs2m1 | Normal pathology | vacAs2m2 | Normal pathology | cagA | Normal pathology | Senegal | cagA | Gastric cancer | [70] | vacAs1 | Gastric cancer | vacAm1 | Not associated with an enhanced risk of Gastric cancer | Gambia | vacAs1 | Not correlated with disease outcomes | [146] | vacAs2 | vacAm1 | vacAm2 | cagA | iceA1 | iceA2 |
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