Evaluation of Posturometric Parameters in Children and Youth Who Practice Karate: Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

Table 1

Comparison of pre- and postobservation values of measured parameters in the study group (karate training children).

Parameter	First (initial) observation		Second (final) observation
	(range)	95% CI	(range)	95% CI
Plumb–line anal cleft (cm)	(0–0.5)	0.13–0.26	(0–1.5)	0.19–0.40	>0.05^1
Scapulae level (°)	(0–2)	0.77–1.18	(0–4)	1.92–2.43	<0.00001^2
Kyphosis angle (°)	(25–36)	32.36–34.13	(25–35)	28.64–29.99	<0.00001^1
Lordosis angle (°)	(24–32)	25.09–26.21	(22–35)	25.44–26.26	>0.05^1
Angle of trunk rotation C7–Th1 (°)	(0–3)	1.23–1.17	(0–3)	0.37–0.81	<0.00001^1
Angle of trunk rotation Th (°)	(0–3)	1.38–1.95	(1–3)	0.58–1.06	<0.00001^1
Angle of trunk rotation Th-L/L (°)	(1–3)	1.75–2.2	(0–4)	1.84–2.29	>0.05^1
Sum of trunk rotation SHS (°)	(1–3)	1.95–2.39	(0–7)	1.57–2.45	>0.05^2

¹Wilcoxon signed-rank test for continuous variables with nonnormal distribution; ²Student’s test for continuous variables with normal distribution; abbreviations: C: cervical spine; Th: thoracic spine; L: lumbar spine, Th–L: thoraco–lumbar spine; NORM of: plumb line anal cleft (0-0.5 cm), scapulae level (0-2°), kyphosis and lordosis angle (24-36°), angle of trunk rotation C₇ – Th₁ (0-3°), angle of trunk rotation Th (0-3°), and angle of trunk rotation Th-L/L (0-3°).