Research Article
Gender Differences in the Behavioral Symptom Severity of Prader-Willi Syndrome
Table 2
The FRPQ, ABCJ, CRI, PARS, and ADHD-RS scores and the results of two-way ANOVA using the two gender groups and the two genotypes.
| | | Total | Gender | Genotype | ANOVA interaction | | Male | Female | DEL | mUPD | | |
| | FRPQ total | 34.4 ± 15.0 | 35.6 ± 15.3 | 33.0 ± 14.8 | 37.3 ± 14.6 | 27.0 ± 13.6 | 8.43 | 0.005 | | FRPQ-P | 9.3 ± 4.4 | 9.5 ± 4.5 | 9.0 ± 4.3 | 9.8 ± 4.4 | 8.0 ± 4.2 | 6.66 | 0.012 | | FRPQ-S | 15.4 ± 6.3 | 16.0 ± 6.1 | 14.8 ± 6.5 | 16.3 ± 6.1 | 13.3 ± 6.3 | 7.74 | 0.007 | | FRPQ-N | 9.7 ± 6.9 | 10.1 ± 7.1 | 9.2 ± 6.7 | 11.3 ± 6.8 | 5.7 ± 5.3 | 4.04 | 0.048 |
| | ABCJ total | 33.2 ± 29.4 | 34.3 ± 30.8 | 31.8 ± 27.9 | 30.7 ± 27.0 | 39.8 ± 35.2 | 0.91 | 0.344 | | ABCJ excitement | 11.3 ± 10.2 | 12.0 ± 10.2 | 10.4 ± 10.2 | 11.2 ± 10.1 | 11.6 ± 0.6 | 1.20 | 0.277 | | ABCJ apathy | 7.1 ± 8.0 | 6.6 ± 7.3 | 7.7 ± 8.9 | 5.8 ± 6.3 | 10.6 ± 10.7 | 2.16 | 0.145 | | ABCJ stereotype | 2.1 ± 3.2 | 1.9 ± 2.9 | 2.3 ± 3.6 | 1.7 ± 2.7 | 3.2 ± 4.2 | 0.93 | 0.337 | | ABCJ hyperactivity | 8.6 ± 9.2 | 9.5 ± 10.6 | 7.4 ± 7.1 | 8.1 ± 8.7 | 9.9 ± 10.7 | 0.06 | 0.812 | | ABCJ inappropriate | 4.0 ± 3.2 | 4.2 ± 3.2 | 3.8 ± 3.3 | 4.0 ± 3.3 | 4.2 ± 3.0 | 0.27 | 0.603 |
| | CRI total | 3.1 ± 1.6 | 2.8 ± 1.5 | 3.3 ± 1.8 | 3.1 ± 1.7 | 2.9 ± 1.6 | 0.38 | 0.542 | | CRI Fre | 9.3 ± 5.8 | 8.0 ± 5.1 | 10.7 ± 6.2 | 9.7 ± 5.8 | 8.5 ± 5.8 | 0.84 | 0.364 | | CRI Jr | 0.8 ± 0.8 | 0.8 ± 0.9 | 0.7 ± 0.8 | 0.9 ± 0.7 | 0.5 ± 1.0 | 0.85 | 0.363 | | CRI JrFre | 2.1 ± 2.6 | 2.2 ± 2.8 | 2.1 ± 2.5 | 2.3 ± 2.0 | 1.7 ± 3.6 | 0.51 | 0.480 | | CRI Re | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 0.6 ± 0.6 | 0.8 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 0.8 ± 0.6 | 0.16 | 0.687 | | CRI ReFre | 2.1 ± 2.1 | 1.5 ± 1.5 | 2.7 ± 2.5 | 2.1 ± 2.3 | 2.2 ± 1.8 | 0.03 | 0.868 |
| | PARS child | 9.8 ± 7.0 | 10.2 ± 7.7 | 9.2 ± 5.5 | 9.4 ± 6.6 | 11.3 ± 8.0 | 0.00 | 0.972 | | PARS adolescent and adult | 17.0 ± 9.2 | 16.9 ± 9.4 | 17.2 ± 9.2 | 15.9 ± 9.1 | 21.6 ± 8.8 | 1.06 | 0.307 |
| | ADHD-RS total | 4.9 ± 5.9 | 5.3 ± 6.7 | 4.1 ± 3.8 | 4.6 ± 5.7 | 5.7 ± 6.6 | 0.02 | 0.902 | | ADHD-RS inattention | 2.9 ± 3.4 | 3.1 ± 3.8 | 2.5 ± 2.3 | 2.7 ± 3.0 | 3.5 ± 4.3 | 0.02 | 0.877 | | ADHD-RS hyperactivity/impulsivity | 2.0 ± 3.1 | 2.2 ± 3.5 | 1.5 ± 2.2 | 1.9 ± 3.3 | 2.3 ± 2.5 | 0.16 | 0.687 |
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FRPQ: Food Related Problem Questionnaire; FRPQ-P: preoccupation with food, S: impairment of satiety, N: composite negative behavior; ABC-J: Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community Japan Rating Scale; CRI: Childhood Routine Inventory; CRI Jr: just right behaviors, Re: repetitive behaviors, Fre: frequency/intensity score; PARS: Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale; ADHD-RS: ADHD Rating Scale.
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