Processing Sentences with Literal versus Figurative Use of Verbs: An ERP Study with Children with Language Impairments, Nonverbal Impairments, and Typical Development

Table 1

Characteristics of participants included in the behavioral experiment. Standard deviations in parentheses.

	SLI	NVLD	-test	Control	-test
	11	11		15
Male	9	10		12
Chronological age (yrs)	= 9.74	= 11.12	= .456	= 10.24	All s > .682
	(2.3)	(2.9)		(2.74)
Full scale IQ	= 94.09	= 94.0	> .999	= 112.8	SLI versus control; = .005
	(8.83)	(8.93)		(18.68)	NVLD versus control; = .004
Verbal IQ	= 84.82	= 106.64	= .005	= 108.27	SLI versus control; < .001
	(13.03)	(10.32)		(19.02)	NVLD versus control; = .960
Performance IQ	= 105.91	= 82.18	= .002	= 114.8	SLI versus control; = .292
	(9.93)	(7.6)		(20.29)	NVLD versus control; < .001
Clitic repetition (-score)	= .034	= .967	= .004	= 1.06	SLI versus control; = .001
	(1.1)	(.31)		(.16)	NVLD versus control; = .921
Vocabulary subtest	= 6.64	= 11.64	= .001	= 10.0	SLI versus control; = .015
	(2.38)	(2.91)		(3.16)	NVLD versus control; = .335
Block design subtest	= 10.36	= 6.27	= .004	= 11.8	SLI versus control; = .407
	(1.69)	(1.9)		(3.78)	NVLD versus control; < .001
Object assembly subtest	= 9.82	= 5.91	= .006	= 10.73	SLI versus control; = .682
	(3.34)	(2.17)		(2.65)	NVLD versus control; < .001