Recent Advances in the Understanding of Vestibular Migraine

Table 1

Treatment options for VM.

Treatment options		Clinical trial [reference]
Acute medications
Zolmitriptan	2.5 mg oral	Randomized controlled trial [37]
Rizatriptan	10 mg oral	Randomized controlled trial [38], motion sickness
Prophylactic medications
Propranolol	160 mg, 40–160 mg	Retrospective cohort analysis [39–41]
Propranolol/venlafaxine	40~160 mg/37.5~150 mg	Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial [42]
Metoprolol	150 mg, 100–200 mg	Retrospective cohort analysis [39, 41]
Amitriptyline	100 mg, 10 mg	Retrospective cohort analysis [39, 41]
Nortriptyline	27–75 mg	Open-label, chart review [43]
Valproic acid	600 mg, 600 mg	Retrospective cohort analysis [44], cohort study, vestibule-ocular reflex [45]
Topiramate	50 mg, 50–100 mg	Retrospective cohort analysis [39], open-label chart review [43]
Lamotrigine	75 mg	Retrospective cohort analysis [39]
Flunarizine	5 mg, 5–10 mg, 5–10 mg	Retrospective cohort analysis [39], retrospective, open-label [41], open-label, postmarketing [46]
Cinnarizine	37.5–75 mg	Retrospective, open-label [47]
Cinnarizine + dimenhydrinate	20 mg and 40 mg	Observational trial [48]
Acetazolamide	500 mg	Retrospective cohort study [49]
Magnesium	400 mg	Retrospective cohort analysis [39]
Clonazepam	0.25–1 mg	Retrospective cohort analysis [41]
Nonmedical treatments
Vestibular rehabilitation	5 therapy sessions over 9 weeks	Uncontrolled, observational trial [50]
Caffeine cessation	4–6 weeks	Retrospective, observational trial [43]