Review Article

Why Current Doppler Ultrasound Methodology Is Inaccurate in Assessing Cerebral Venous Return: The Alternative of the Ultrasonic Jugular Venous Pulse

Figure 3

The elliptical (cross points) and circular CSA (× points) of the jugular vein of one subject are plotted as a function of the measured CSA (interrupted line), clearly showing the underestimation of the circular CSA. The automated measure of the circular CSA is based on the erroneous assumption of the circular shape of the jugular vein.