Chemical Assistance in Refolding of Bacterial Inclusion Bodies

Table 1

Examples of buffer additives which may be used to facilitate protein refolding (see text references).

Additive	Concentration	Effect
CHAPS	30 mM	Detergent
EDTA	20 mM	Chelate
Glycerol	10–50%	Stabilizer
Guanidine HCl	0.1–1 M	Chaotroph
L-arginine	0.4–0.5 M	Stabilizer
Laroylsarcosin	Up to 4 M	Detergent
MgCl2/CaCl2	2–10 mM	Cation
NaCl/Ammonium sulfate	0.2–0.5 M	Salt
Non-detergent sulfo betain	Up to 1 M	Solublizer
PEG 3350	Up to 0.5% W/V	Osmolyte
SDS	0.1%	Detergent
Sodium citrate/sulfate	0.2–0.5 M	Salt
Sucrose/glucose	Up to 0.75 M	Stabilizer
TMAO	1–3 M	Osmolyte
Tris	0.4–1 M	Buffer
Triton X-100	0.1–1%	Detergent
Tween-80	0.01%	Detergent
Glycine	Up to 1 M	Osmolyte
Proline	Up to 1 M	Osmolyte
Urea	0.1–2 M	Chaotroph