Implication of Mitochondrial Cytoprotection in Human Islet Isolation and Transplantation

Table 3

Advantages and disadvantages of mitochondria-based islet potency and viability assays.

Assays	Advantages	Disadvantages	References
Newport Green + TMRE	(i) Low toxicity of Newport Green Dye; (ii) β-cell specific; (iii) Correlates with in vivo islet function	(i) Islet dissociation needed; (ii) Nonstimulated static assay; (iii) Complex instrumentation and setup required; (iv) Difficult to quantify MMP; (v) Not real time	[99, 100]
FluoZin-3 + TMRE	(i) β-cell specific; (ii) FluoZin-3 has higher affinity (KD= 15 nM) for; Zinc and higher quantum yield	(i) No correlation has been demonstrated with in; vitro and in vivo islet function; (ii) Nonstimulated static assay; (iii) Complex equipment requirement and setup; (iv) Difficult to quantify MMP; (v) Not real time	[101, 102]
JC-1 + ROS	(i) Multiparametric assay; (ii) Strong correlation of MMP with ROS; (iii) Dynamic ROS assay; (iv) Correlate with in vivo function	(i) Non β-cell specific; (ii) Non-stimulated static assay of MMP; (iii) Procedure complexity; (iv) Intact islet assay for ROS but need islet; dissociation for MMP; (v) Not real time	[88, 103]
Multiparametric microfluidic assay (Rh123 + Fura-2AM + insulin kinetics)	(i) Multiparametric assay of key  stimulus-secretion coupling factors (MMP: Rh123, Ca^2+: Fura-2AM; Insulin: ELISA); (ii) Dynamic response to stimulator; (iii) Intact islets; (iv) Real time; (v) High throughput	(i) Large-scale evaluation needed; (ii) Moderate spatiotemporal resolution of the; measured parameters	[104, 105]