Increased Urine IgM and IgG₂ Levels, Indicating Decreased Glomerular Size Selectivity, Are Not Affected by Dalteparin Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Table 2

Baseline values in patients grouped with normo- or micro- and macroalbuminuria.

	Normoalbuminuria	Micro- and macroalbuminuria
	𝑁=33	𝑁=21
Age (years)	74 (54–90)	75 (61–86)
Diabetes duration (years)	15 ± 9	19 ± 8
Gender (male/female)	21/12	16/5
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	150 (115–210)	160 (135–215)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	80 (60–100)	85 (60–105)
S-HbA1c (%)	6.5 (5.0–9.9)	6.9 (5.1–11.0)
S-Creatinine (μmol/L)	81 (53–160)	85 (65–128)
S-Hs CRP (mg/L)	9.4 (0.9–118)	2.7 (0.3–78.2)
S-AA (mg/L)	5.5 (1.2–415)	5.1 (1.7–127)
S-IGF-1 (μg/L)	134 (47–384)	115 (49–269)
S-IGFBP-1 (μg/L)	41 (15–310)	60 (8–313)
U-Glycosaminoglycan (mg/mmol)^a	2.7 (0–8.7)	2.6 (0–11.1)
U-IgG2 (mg/mmol)^b	0.18 (0–8.1)	0.85 (0–99)*
U-IgG4 (mg/mmol)^c	0.06 (0–7.7)	0.27 (0–28.7)*
U-IgG2/IgG4^d	3.1 (0.04–31.0)	3.3 (0.76–10.5)
U-IgM (mg/mmol)^e	0.02 (0–0.06)	0.03 (0–0.13)
U-TGFβ1 (ng/mmol)	3.2 (1.1–379)	4.5 (1.4–16.5)

* 𝑃<0.05 versus normoalbuminuria. Data are given as median and range (min-max). Urine data are the ratio between urine protein and urine creatinine. ^aReference values for U-GAG: 2.9 (2.0–4.4) mg/mmol [25]; ^bU-IgG₂: 0.19 ± 0.14 mg/mmol; ^cU-IgG₄: 0.35 ± 0.25 mg/mmol; ^dU-IgG₂/IgG₄: 2.3 ± 0.7; ^eU-IgM: 0.002 ± 0.001 mg/mmol [28]. IGFBP-1 (15–45) [29, 30].