Diabetes and Hemoglobin A1c as Risk Factors for Nosocomial Infections in Critically Ill Patients
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of all study groups as determined by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and history.
Nondiabetics
Diabetics
Diabetics with AGC
Diabetics with NGC
Sex (male)
70 (61%)
38 (54%)
26 (61%)
12 (44%)
Age (years)
63 ± 18
71 ± 10*
70 ± 11
73 ± 8
Apache II score
23 ± 8
27 ± 6*
26 ± 6
28 ± 6
ΒMΙ
28 ± 7*
30 ± 6
30 ± 5
30 ± 7
HbA1c (%)
5,9 ± 0,4
7,7 ± 1,6*
8,5 ± 1,6**
6,5 ± 0,3
Initial glucose (mg/dL)
168 ± 71
248 ± 98*
263 ± 107
223 ± 77
Glucose of exit
136 ± 60
146 ± 68
149 ± 70
142 ± 65
Comorbidities
Hypertension
51 (45%)
48 (69%)*
28 (65%)
20 (74%)
Hyperlipidemia
20 (18%)
23 (33%)
15 (35%)
8 (30%)
Cardiac disease
40 (35%)
48 (69%)*
30 (70%)
18 (67%)
Stroke
12 (11%)
11 (16%)
5 (12%)
6 (22%)
Chronic kidney disease
5 (4%)
11 (16%)*
6 (14%)
5 (19%)
Cancer
11 (10%)
2 (3%)
2 (5%)
0%
COPD
22 (19%)
15 (21%)
11 (26%)
4 (15%)
Other
32 (28%)
18 (26%)
11 (26%)
7 (26%)
Category of admission
Cardiac disorders
16 (14%)
18 (26%)
8 (30%)
10 (23%)
Neurologic disorders
23 (20%)
13 (19%)
3 (11%)
10 (23%)
Respiratory failure
42 (37%)
28 (40%)
10 (37%)
18 (42%)
Sepsis
2 (2%)
6 (9%)
3 (11%)
3 (7%)
Τrauma
15 (13%)
2 (3%)
2 (7%)
0%
Surgical
9 (8%)
3 (4%)
1 (4%)
2 (5%)
Other
7 (6%)
0%
0%
0%
Data are presented as (%) or mean (±SD). Differences between the analyzed groups of the study were evaluated by t-test or test as appropriate. BMI: body mass index, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NGC: normal glucose control, AGC: abnormal glucose control.
*
< 0.05 between diabetics and nondiabetics.
**
< 0.05 between diabetics with AGC and diabetics with NGC.
