Central Venous-to-Arterial CO₂ Gap Is a Useful Parameter in Monitoring Hypovolemia-Caused Altered Oxygen Balance: Animal Study

Table 1

Hemodynamic changes.

		𝑇0	𝑇1	𝑇2	𝑇3	𝑇4	𝑇5
GEDI (mL/m^2)	HG	349 ± 51	293 ± 53^*‡#	257 ± 47^*‡#	246 ± 53^*#	233 ± 42^*#	223 ± 31^*#
	SG	350 ± 26	387 ± 43	360 ± 22	365 ± 76	356 ± 51	349 ± 46
CVP (mmHg)	HG	7 ± 4	4 ± 3^*‡#	4 ± 3^*#	4 ± 3^*‡#	3 ± 3^*#	4 ± 3^*#
	SG	8 ± 1	7 ± 1	7 ± 1	7 ± 2	7 ± 1	7 ± 2
MAP (mmHg)	HG	121 ± 15	107 ± 17^*‡	94 ± 19^*‡	86 ± 15^*‡	85 ± 15*	83 ± 17*
	SG	120 ± 13	121 ± 14	117 ± 15	113 ± 16	121 ± 24	111 ± 25
HR (1/beats)	HG	78 ± 14	83 ± 15^*‡	93 ± 17*	102 ± 19*	130 ± 28^*‡	142 ± 28^*‡#
	SG	74 ± 12	75 ± 12	74 ± 9	78 ± 10	83 ± 16	80 ± 9
CI (L/min/m^2)	HG	2.30 ± 0.35	1.78 ± 0.31^*‡	1.54 ± 0.32^*‡	1.46 ± 0.35^*‡	1.52 ± 0.41*	1.58 ± 0.36*
	SG	2.38 ± 0.50	2.65 ± 0.65	2.42 ± 0.48	2.38 ± 0.76	2.32 ± 0.50	2.27 ± 0.27
SVI (mL/m^2)	HG	29 ± 5	19 ± 2^*‡#	15 ± 4^*#	14 ± 4^*#	12 ± 4^*#	12 ± 3^*#
	SG	33 ± 4	34 ± 6	33 ± 3	32 ± 6	31 ± 8	28 ± 5

GEDI: global end-diastolic volume index; CVP: central venous pressure; MAP: mean arterial pressure; HR: heart rate; CI: cardiac index; SVI: stroke volume index. 𝑇₀: baseline measurement; 𝑇₁--𝑇₅: five intervals. *𝑝<.05 as compared to 𝑇₁; ^‡𝑝<.05 as compared to the previous value; RM ANOVA; ^#𝑝<.05 HG versus SG; Mann-Whitney 𝑈-test with Bonferroni correction.