Therapeutic Strategies for High-Dose Vasopressor-Dependent Shock

Table 1

Summary of studies on high-dose vasopressor dependente shock.

Study	𝑛	Initial vasopressor	Severe shock definition	Outcome	%
VASST trial 2008 [3]	400	Norepinephrine	>15 mcg/min	90-day mortality	52
Park et al. 2005 [7]	20	Norepinephrine or dopamine	>0.1 mcg/kg/min or >20 mcg/kg/min	Mortality	65
Castro et al. 2008 [6]	33	Norepinephrine	>0.3 mcg/kg/min	28-day mortality	48
Benbenishty et al. 2011 [2]	48	Norepinephrine or epinephrine	>0.5 mcg/kg/min	One-year mortality	80
Dünser et al. 2003 [8]	48	Norepinephrine	>0.5 mcg/kg/min	ICU mortality	71
Torgersen et al. 2010 [9]	50	Norepinephrine	>0.6 mcg/kg/min	ICU mortality	52
DOBUPRESS study 2008 [10]	59	Norepinephrine	>0.9 mcg/kg/min	ICU mortality	68
Leone et al. 2004 [11]	17	Norepinephrine and dopamine	>2 mcg/kg/min and >25 mcg/kg/min	In-hospital mortality	47
Brown et al. 2013 [12]	443	Norepinephrine equivalent*	≥1 mcg/kg/min	90-day mortality	83
Jenkins et al. 2009 [4]	64	Norepinephrine or epinephrine	>100 mcg/min	In-hospital mortality	94
Torgersen et al. 2011 [13]	159	Norepinephrine	Need for rescue therapy with vasopressin	ICU mortality	61
Luckner et al. 2005 [14]	316	Norepinephrine	Need for rescue therapy with vasopressin	ICU mortality	51
Dünser et al. 2001 [15]	60	Norepinephrine	Need for rescue therapy with vasopressin	ICU mortality	67

∗High-dose vasopressor therapy defined as dosage ≥1 mcg/kg/min of norepinephrine equivalent, calculated by adding norepinephrine equivalent infusion rates of all vasopressors.