Etiology and Outcomes of ARDS in a Rural-Urban Fringe Hospital of South India

Table 2

Characteristics of patients based on Berlin definition—demographics, laboratory investigations (means), complications, and hospital course.

ARDS according to Berlin definition	Mild (𝑛=24); (PaO2/FiO2 = 201–300 mmHg)	Moderate (𝑛=33); (PaO2/FiO2 = 101–200 mmHg)	Severe (𝑛=4); (PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 100 mmHg)
Age (years)	40.83±13.72	41.21±16.03	54.00±17.79
Female sex 𝑛 (%)	9 (37.5)	18 (54.5)	2 (50)
Duration of illness (days)	6	4	3
Heart rate (beats/min)	98.79±13.28	115.73±14.08	129.25±9.91
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)	90.00±10.44	83.69±15.72	75.83±3.19
pH	7.38±0.03	7.38±0.06	7.19±0.13
pO2 (mmHg)	87.92±13.93	80.82±24.29	62.50±9.98
HCO3 (mmol/L)	20.25±3.39	19.39±4.76	11.25±1.89
FiO2 (%)	42.50±16.50	58.48±17.77	75.00±19.14
ARDS at presentation 𝑛 (%)	22 (91.6)	21 (63.6)	3 (75)
Total leukocyte count (×10^3/L)	10.891±4.604	13.048±6.238	13.475±3.450
Platelets (×10^3/L)	176.666±99.589	183.121±109.270	118.000±91.082
ESR (mm)	59.46±27.28	59.94±32.22	65.00±37.00
Albumin (g/dL)	3.45±0.65	3.39±0.89	2.75±0.50
Urea (mmol/L)	13.05±4.98	16.50±6.64	36.88±11.20
Creatinine (µmol/L)	81.04±37.65	126.44±75.35	316.04±132.38
Glomerular filtration rate	108.13±50.62	69.91±33.37	22.00±9.40
Glasgow coma scale (median)	14	10	8
Infectious etiology 𝑛 (%)	18 (75)	26 (78.7)	2 (50)
Tropical infections 𝑛 (%)	10 (41.6)	5 (15.1)	1 (25)
Direct lung injury 𝑛 (%)	20 (83.3)	22 (66.6)	3 (75)
APACHE II score	6.54±6.53	15.06±8.47	28.00±5.83
SOFA score	4.52±2.52	7.67±2.98	13.50±1.29
Mechanical ventilation 𝑛 (%)	5 (20.8)	30 (90.9)	4 (100)
Days ventilated	1.38±3.18	6.48±4.15	6.75±3.40
Inotrope use 𝑛 (%)	5 (20.8)	20 (60.6)	4 (100)
Duration of stay (days)	6.21±2.60	9.67±3.25	7.75±3.30
Nonsurvival 𝑛 (%)	4 (16.6)	14 (42.4)	4 (100)

APACHE: acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; SOFA: sequential organ failure assessment score; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate.