| Table 1: Characteristics of SLE patients and the control subjects. |
| | | SLE () | Control () |
| | Age (years) | 30.6 ± 11.5 | 29.7 ± 6.8 | | Sex (female/male) | 54/4 | 27/3 | | Disease duration (months) | 24.9 ± 40.9 | — | | Alopecia (%) | 13 (22.4) | — | | Rash (%) | 34 (58.6) | — | | Arthritis (%) | 11 (19.0) | — | | Fever (%) | 15 (25.9) | — | | Pleuritis (%) | 9 (15.5) | — | | Anemia (%) | 28 (48.3) | — | | Leukopenia (%) | 23 (39.7) | — | | Thrombocytopenia (%) | 5 (8.6) | — | | Current renal disease (%) | 33 (56.9) | — | | Vasculitis (%) | 24 (41.4) | — | | Anti-ds-DNA (%) | 34 (58.6) | — | | Low C3 (%) | 35 (60.3) | — | | Low C4 (%) | 30 (51.7) | — | | ESR (%) | 41 (70.7) | — | | CRP (%) | 19 (32.7) | — | | 24-hour urine protein (%) | 28 (48.3) | — | | SLEDAI | 0 to 34
(22.5 ± 12.02) | — |
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Abbreviations—SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; SLEDAI: systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index; C3: complement 3; C4: complement 4; CRP: C-reactive protein; anti-ds-DNA: anti-double stranded DNA antibody; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.
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