Table 1: Clinical manifestations related to anti-Ro antibodies.

Clinical manifestation Disease Ro52 specificity Reference Cutaneous manifestation        Photosensitivity SLE   [17] RA   [18]  Subacute cutaneous lesion SLE/SCLE   [19, 20]  Purpura SLE   [21, 22] SS   [23, 24] RA   [18]  Cutaneous NLE NLE   [25] Sicca symptom SS   [26] SSc   [27] RA   [18, 28, 29] Scleritis RA   [28] Interstitial lung disease SLE + [16, 30, 31] SSc   [32, 33] PM/DM   [34, 35] Congenital heart disease        Complete heart block NLE   [25, 36–38]  Prolonged QT interval NLE   [25] Liver dysfunction        Liver function test abnormality NLE   [25]  High serum bilirubin level PBC + [39]  Advanced histological stage PBC + [39] AIH-1 + [40] Musculoskeletal involvement        Myositis PM/DM + [15, 41, 42]  Arthritis SLE   [43] Hematological disorder        Leukopenia SS   [23] RA   [18]  Lymphopenia SS   [23]  Neutropenia SLE   [44] NLE   [25]  Anemia NLE   [25] RA   [29]  Thrombocytopenia NLE   [25] Immunological disorder        Hypocomplementemia RA   [18]  High serum IgG level SS   [23] RA   [28]  High serum IgM level PBC + [39]

SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; SCLE: subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus; SS: Sjögren’s syndrome; NLE: neonatal lupus erythematosus; SSc: systemic sclerosis; PM: polymyositis; DM: dermatomyositis; PBC: primary biliary cirrhosis; AIH-1: type 1 autoimmune hepatitis.