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Variables | Total () % () | Men () | Women () |
60–74 years () | ≥75 years () | 6–74 years () | ≥75 years () |
Chinese () % () | Malay () % () | Indian () % () | Chinese () % () | Malay () % () | Indian () % () | Chinese () % () | Malay () % () | Indian () % () | Chinese () % () | Malay () % () | Indian () % () |
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Self-rated health | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Very healthy | 9.5 (416) | 5.0 (47) | 8.3 (19) | 7.7 (11) | 5.1 (29) | 1.3 (2) | 2.1 (3) | 16.1 (175) | 4.5 (11) | 7.2 (10) | 11.0 (104) | 0.5 (1) | 4.7 (4) |
Healthier than average | 30.7 (1385) | 24.4 (234) | 13.8 (33) | 12.7 (18) | 12.6 (71) | 7.1 (13) | 3.4 (5) | 43.4 (478) | 43.0 (114) | 37.1 (53) | 31.7 (299) | 24.3 (41) | 29.6 (26) |
Of average health | 45.3 (2326) | 55.8 (535) | 70.9 (173) | 73.6 (106) | 55.5 (315) | 71.9 (123) | 75.2 (103) | 31.5 (345) | 38.6 (101) | 41.1 (60) | 37.2 (349) | 40.6 (72) | 50.3 (44) |
Somewhat unhealthy | 12.1 (674) | 12.9 (131) | 5.1 (15) | 4.9 (8) | 22.3 (127) | 17.7 (30) | 18.0 (23) | 7.9 (91) | 8.5 (24) | 11.2 (16) | 16.4 (154) | 24.4 (44) | 12.3 (11) |
Very unhealthy | 2.3 (137) | 1.7 (17) | 1.8 (4) | 1.1 (2) | 4.2 (24) | 2.0 (4) | 1.3 (1) | 1.2 (13) | 5.3 (12) | 3.5 (5) | 3.7 (35) | 10.3 (18) | 3.1 (2) |
Independent in activities of daily living | 90.0 (4252) | 95.8 (925) | 96.9 (236) | 97.7 (141) | 83.7 (473) | 88.4 (151) | 86.0 (118) | 96.1 (1055) | 88.9 (231) | 85.5 (122) | 69.2 (654) | 55.3 (96) | 56.2 (50) |
Independent in instrumental activities of daily living | 86.7 (4034) | 95.7 (922) | 97.8 (239) | 98.3 (142) | 81.7 (461) | 84.4 (144) | 85.3 (116) | 93.0 (1017) | 86.1 (223) | 80.3 (114) | 57.2 (542) | 41.9 (72) | 47.2 (42) |
Independent in mobility | 54.2 (2352) | 76.9 (731) | 86.7 (209) | 86.3 (124) | 41.9 (235) | 66.0 (112) | 59.0 (80) | 52.5 (555) | 44.8 (110) | 26.7 (37) | 13.9 (131) | 13.0 (22) | 6.6 (6) |
No difficulty in hearing | 85.2 (4035) | 87.5 (835) | 91.6 (220) | 88.4 (127) | 68.0 (383) | 72.8 (124) | 76.3 (106) | 91.4 (1004) | 91.3 (239) | 93.7 (135) | 74.5 (702) | 56.6 (97) | 72.0 (63) |
No difficulty in vision | 78.9 (3764) | 81.0 (779) | 88.7 (215) | 88.2 (126) | 67.3 (380) | 66.9 (114) | 68.9 (95) | 83.1 (913) | 79.7 (208) | 84.1 (121) | 70.3 (663) | 54.4 (94) | 63.9 (56) |
No major physical illness | 67.8 (3177) | 69.7 (665) | 65.2 (153) | 49.5 (71) | 59.4 (336) | 59.7 (103) | 41.4 (55) | 74.7 (810) | 61.9 (159) | 53.8 (76) | 64.0 (601) | 61.3 (110) | 43.7 (38) |
Free from pain | 88.5 (4276) | 95.2 (916) | 93.1 (226) | 95.3 (138) | 91.2 (517) | 87.6 (151) | 88.6 (121) | 87.5 (959) | 84.1 (220) | 75.5 (108) | 79.1 (746) | 70.0 (122) | 60.7 (52) |
Restful sleep ()a | 44.6 (1967) | 51.8 (492) | 47.8 (115) | 30.8 (44) | 50.0 (239) | 36.8 (57) | 28.9 (36) | 39.2 (412) | 66.5 (159) | 35.9 (50) | 34.5 (264) | 60.1 (70) | 43.4 (29) |
Strong biting/chewing ability | 86.6 (4059) | 91.2 (875) | 88.2 (213) | 91.9 (132) | 72.4 (408) | 74.9 (127) | 72.6 (98) | 94.7 (1036) | 87.6 (229) | 92.1 (132) | 66.9 (632) | 69.7 (122) | 62.2 (55) |
Free from depressive symptoms ()a | 85.0 (3758) | 87.6 (822) | 93.8 (225) | 85.0 (121) | 84.0 (400) | 94.6 (142) | 86.3 (108) | 86.5 (928) | 73.9 (181) | 75.0 (102) | 78.0 (596) | 72.2 (85) | 72.4 (48) |
Strong personal mastery ()a | 75.4 (3314) | 74.7 (701) | 92.4 (219) | 79.1 (112) | 69.4 (331) | 86.8 (131) | 74.5 (92) | 79.8 (851) | 74.3 (180) | 67.5 (91) | 65.3 (498) | 56.5 (66) | 62.8 (42) |
Participation in social activities | 71.8 (3438) | 65.4 (628) | 95.0 (232) | 91.5 (132) | 46.4 (262) | 86.1 (148) | 86.0 (118) | 84.5 (930) | 63.9 (165) | 85.2 (122) | 64.1 (605) | 21.4 (37) | 66.9 (59) |
Strong social networks ()a | 77.9 (3401) | 83.1 (783) | 81.3 (190) | 72.1 (103) | 78.3 (373) | 80.9 (121) | 60.6 (76) | 79.1 (850) | 77.4 (191) | 67.3 (92) | 64.9 (494) | 66.6 (79) | 73.4 (49) |
Perceived financial adequacy ()a | 82.6 (3587) | 80.5 (754) | 57.6 (134) | 66.1 (92) | 77.8 (371) | 45.7 (69) | 58.8 (74) | 89.9 (968) | 77.5 (190) | 81.4 (112) | 88.1 (672) | 79.1 (93) | 87.1 (58) |
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