Immune Response to Lipoproteins in Atherosclerosis

Figure 3

Protective and pathogenic antilipoprotein antibodies. Molecular mimicry occurs when LDL or a viable cell undergoes limited oxidative modification to present phosphocholine (PC) antigens like those expressed on bacteria (Streptococcus pneumonia).These antigens stimulate B1 lymphocytes to produce the protective EO6/T15 autoantibodies. These antibodies are likely to block the uptake of Ox-LDL through scavenger receptors, promote the clearance of apoptotic cells, or neutralize the infecting bacteria resulting in a protective response. Extensive oxidation of LDL results in its conversion to Ox-LDL is taken up by macrophages and stimulate the T-cell-dependent immune response to produce IgG antibodies. These antibodies, along with other proinflammatory cytokines produced by foam cells, in turn accelerate lesion progression.