Study/year Country Intervention length Population Setting Sources of anthocyanin Sample size Design Anthocyanin dose TC, mg/dL (mean ± SD) TG, mg/dL (mean ± SD) LDL, mg/dL (mean ± SD) Anthocyanin Placebo Anthocyanin Placebo Anthocyanin Placebo Anthocyanin Placebo Yang et al., 2017 [10 ] China 12 wk Untreated diabetes O Capsule Medox (17 natural anthocyanins) 80 80 R, D, P 80 mg Zhang et al. 2016 [11 ] China Wk (12, 24) Hypocholesterolemic I Capsule 73 73 R, D, P 320 mg - - Zhang et al., 2015 [12 ] China 12 wk Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease I Bilberry, black current 74 74 R, D, P 80 mg Li et al., 2015 [13 ] China 24 wk Diabetic I Capsule Medox (17 natural anthocyanins) 29 29 R, D, P 80 mg Davinelli et al., 2015 [14 ] Italy 4 wk Smokers O Capsule (Maqui berry extract) 16 26 R, D, P 273.5 mg Lynn et al., 2014 [15 ] UK 6 wk Healthy adult O Tart cherry juice 25 21 R, D, P 162 mg - - - - Soltani et al., 2014 [17 ] Iran 4 wk Hyperlipidemic patients I Fresh ripe berries of V. arctostaphylos 25 25 R, D, P 90 mg Hassellund et al., 2013 [18 ] New York 12 wk Prehypertensive men I Bilberry, black current 26 26 R, D, P 500 mg - - - - - - Zhu et al., 2013 [19 ] China 24 wk Hypocholesterolemic O Anthocyanin rich foods 73 73 R, D, P 320 mg - - Zhu et al., 2011 [20 ] China 12 wk Hypocholesterolemic O Bilberry, black current 73 73 R, D, P 320 mg - - Dohadwala et al., 2011 [21 ] Boston 4 hr Coronary artery disease I Cranberry juice 22 22 R, D, P 94 mg Basu et al., 2010 [22 ] Oklahoma 8 wk Metabolic syndrome I Bilberry 25 22 R, D, P 320 mg - - - - - - Mu et al., 2010 [23 ] China 12 wk Hyperlipidemic patients I 30 28 R, P 200 mg Curtis et al., 2009 [24 ] UK 12 wk Healthy women I Elderberry 26 26 R, D, P 500 mg Qin et al., 2009 [25 ] China 12 wk Dyslipidemic patients I Capsule Medox (17 natural anthocyanins) 60 60 R, D, P 80 mg Qin and Wenhua 2008 [26 ] China 45 days Hyperlipidemic patients I Black rice 51 51 R, P 200 mg - - Karlsen et al., 2007 [27 ] Norway 3 wk Healthy adults O Capsule Medox (17 natural anthocyanins) 59 59 R, D, P 300 mg - - - - - -
Study/year Country HDL, mg/dL (mean ± SD) Apolipoprotein A-1, mg/dL (mean ± SD) Apolipoprotein B, mg/dL (mean ± SD) Serum TNF-a, pg/mL Serum IL-6, pg/mL Serum hs-CRP, mg/L Anthocyanin Placebo Anthocyanin Placebo Anthocyanin Placebo Anthocyanin Placebo Anthocyanin Placebo Anthocyanin Placebo Yang et al., 2017 [10 ] China Zhang et al. 2016 [11 ] China - - - - - - 1.74 (0.86–2.6) 2.19 (0.93–3.82) Zhang et al., 2015 [12 ] China - - - - - - - - - - Li et al., 2015 [13 ] China Davinelli et al., 2015 [14 ] Italy - - - - - - - - Lynn et al., 2014 [15 ] UK - - - - - - - - - - - - Soltani et al., 2014 [17 ] Iran - - - - - - - - Hassellund et al., 2013 [18 ] New York - - - - - - - - - - - - Zhu et al., 2013 [19 ] China - - - - - - - - Zhu et al., 2011 [20 ] China - - - - - - Dohadwala et al., 2011 [21 ] Boston - - - - - - - - Basu et al., 2010 [22 ] Oklahoma - - - - - - - - - - - - Mu et al., 2010 [23 ] China - - - - - - - - - - Curtis et al., 2009 [24 ] UK - - - - Qin et al., 2009 [25 ] China - - - - - - Qin and Wenhua 2008 [26 ] China - - - - - - - - - - Karlsen et al., 2007 [27 ] Norway - - - - - - - - - -
TC: total cholesterol, TG: triglyceride, LDL: low density lipoprotein, HDL: high density lipoprotein, O: outpatients, I: outpatients, R: randomized, D: double blind, and P: parallel trial.
