Association between Hemoglobin Glycation Index and NAFLD in Chinese Nondiabetic Individuals

Table 3

Risk of NAFLD by ultrasonography according to HGI quartile and other variables.

Variables	Odds ratio (95% CI)
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
HGI	1.281 (1.194∼1.375)	1.282 (1.189–1.384)	1.284 (1.184∼1.392)	1.172 (1.074∼1.279)
Gender		3.114 (2.591∼3.743)	2.316 (1.845∼2.906)	1.315 (1.018∼1.699)
Age (years)		0.997 (0.990∼1.005)	0.993 (0.984∼1.002)	1.005 (0.995∼1.015)
TG (mmol/L)			1.562 (1.449∼1.684)	1.226 (1.131∼1.331)
Hypertension			1.396 (1.147∼1.700)	1.042 (0.842∼1.288)
Alcohol			0.840 (0.691∼1.021)	0.831 (0.673∼1.026)
Smoking			0.817 (0.665∼1.004)	0.759 (0.606∼0.951)
Alb (g/L)			1.061 (1.029∼1.095)	1.110 (1.071∼1.149)
FPG (mmol/L)			1.437 (1.247∼1.657)	1.326 (1.138∼1.544)
GGT (U/L)			1.003 (1.001∼1.004)	1.002 (1.001∼1.004)
BMI (kg/m^2)				1.284 (1.240∼1.329)
AST (U/L)				0.987 (0.973∼1.000)
HDL-C (mmol/L)				0.385 (0.262∼0.568)
ALT (U/L)				1.021 (1.013∼1.029)
WBC (×10^9/L)				1.162 (1.098∼1.231)

Model 1: no adjustment; model 2: adjusted for age and sex; model 3: model 2 + TG, hypertension, alcohol, smoking, albumin, FPG, and GGT; model 4: model 3 + BMI, AST, ALT, HDL-C, and WBC. TG, triglyceride; FPG, fasting blood glucose; GGT, gamma glutamyltransferase; BMI, body mass index; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; WBC, white blood cell; Alb, albumin; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; HGI, hemoglobin glycation index.