Digital Rectal Examination Is a Valuable Bedside Tool for Detecting Dyssynergic Defecation: A Diagnostic Study and a Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Comparison of findings on digital rectal examination with high-resolution anorectal manometry.

	HRAM+	HRAM-	Outcomes
DRE+	72	28	Sensitivity 71.3%
DRE-	29	89	Specificity 76.1%
Total no. of cases	101	117	PPV 72.0%
	Patients diagnosed with DD using HRAM	Patients diagnosed without DD using HRAM	NPV 75.4%
			Detection rate 71.3% (72/101)
			Cohen kappa correlation coefficient = 0.474,

DRE: digital rectal examination; DD: dyssynergic defecation; HRAM: high-resolution anorectal manometry; PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value.