Cancer Metabolism and Tumor Heterogeneity: Imaging Perspectives Using MR Imaging and Spectroscopy

Figure 3

Non-Gaussian water diffusion analysis using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in prostate cancer. A 73-year-old man (prostate-specific antigen level, 12.1 ng/mL) with prostate cancer (arrows). (a) -weighted image, (b) diffusion-weighted image ( = 1500 s/mm²), (c) apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map, (d) diffusivity map, and (e) kurtosis map. Compared with healthy tissue, prostate cancer in left peripheral zone (indicated by an arrow) showed hypointensity on -weighted image, hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted image, hypointensity on ADC, lower diffusivity, and higher kurtosis (adapted from [14]).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)