A Review of the Combination of Experimental Measurements and Fibril-Reinforced Modeling for Investigation of Articular Cartilage and Chondrocyte Response to Loading

Figure 8

Subject-specific joint geometry can be imaged using, for example, MRI, from which using contrast agents, imaging protocols and image-analysis techniques structural and compositional details of articular cartilage can be measured and implemented into a finite element model. Using human movement analysis, the loading conditions can be determined realistically for individual subjects. Combining imaging, movement analysis, and finite element methods, realistic joint stresses and strains can be evaluated and effects on cells and matrix adaptation predicted using validated theories. Such analysis will aid in understanding and predicting advancement and onset of joint injuries and osteoarthritis.