A QR Code Based Zero-Watermarking Scheme for Authentication of Medical Images in Teleradiology Cloud

Table 4

Comparison for rotation attacks (BER).

Scheme	Angle of rotation
	30°	45°	60°
Kim et al. [27]	17.52 (Spatial)	49.38 (FFT)	4.83 (Spatial)
Proposed scheme
CT	0.0002	0.0001	0.0001
Mammogram	0.0093	0.0092	0.0064
MRA	0.0002	0.0001	0.0001
Nuclear	0.0006	0.0004	0.0001
PET	0.0005	0.0004	0.0002
Ultrasound	0.0004	0.0001	0.0016
X-ray	0.0011	0.0002	0.0002