Leaky Vaccines Protect Highly Exposed Recipients at a Lower Rate: Implications for Vaccine Efficacy Estimation and Sieve Analysis
Figure 1
Effects of differential enrichment for high-risk subjects in the at-risk population across treatment groups. (a) The marginal hazards as a function of time for placebo recipients (dashed blue line) and vaccine recipients (solid red line) for the conditions of our example trial in which a 1 : 1 randomization allocates subjects to receive a placebo or a leaky vaccine with per-exposure efficacy , with independent Poisson exposure rates and for low-risk and high-risk subjects, respectively, and a % starting fraction of high-risk subjects. (b) The ratio of the marginal hazards in (a). (c) The fraction of subjects infected in the two groups over time. (d) The proportions and of the at-risk groups (dashed blue line) and (solid red line) that are high risk, over time.
