Maximum Likelihood Inference for Univariate Delay Differential Equation Models with Multiple Delays

Figure 2

(a) Numerical solution of the DLDEM with two delays (41) using the fixed parameter values in by step size with and . The steady state is stable when and becomes unstable when

(b) Numerical solution of the DLDEM with two delays (41) using the estimated parameter values. The stars are the simulated noisy data by adding noises to the DLDE solutions at equally spaced time points in by step size with , , and