On Consistency of Cross-Approximate Entropy in Cardiovascular and Artificial Environments
Table 4
Threshold values obtained from real signals.
(a) Threshold for which XApEn reaches its maximal value (17)
,
,
= 1
= 2
= 3
= 4
= 1
= 2
= 3
= 4
300
0.05 ± 0.01
0.24 ± 0.01
0.44 ± 0.01
0.62 ± 0.01
0.05 ± 0.00
0.22 ± 0.01
0.40 ± 0.01
0.55 ± 0.02
500
0.05 ± 0.01
0.21 ± 0.00
0.39 ± 0.01
0.53 ± 0.00
0.04 ± 0.00
0.19 ± 0.00
0.35 ± 0.01
0.47 ± 0.01
750
0.04 ± 0.01
0.18 ± 0.04
0.35 ± 0.01
0.47 ± 0.01
0.04 ± 0.01
0.16 ± 0.00
0.31 ± 0.01
0.41 ± 0.01
2000
0.05 ± 0.01
0.19 ± 0.00
0.37 ± 0.01
0.51 ± 0.01
0.04 ± 0.00
0.14 ± 0.00
0.27 ± 0.00
0.60 ± 0.01
2500
0.05 ± 0.01
0.18 ± 0.00
0.35 ± 0.01
0.48 ± 0.01
0.04 ± 0.00
0.13 ± 0.00
0.25 ± 0.01
0.34 ± 0.01
3000
0.04 ± 0.01
0.18 ± 0.00
0.33 ± 0.01
0.46 ± 0.01
0.03 ± 0.00
0.13 ± 0.00
0.24 ± 0.00
0.33 ± 0.05
3500
0.04 ± 0.01
0.17 ± 0.00
0.32 ± 0.01
0.45 ± 0.01
0.03 ± 0.00
0.12 ± 0.00
0.23 ± 0.00
0.31 ± 0.05
4000
0.04 ± 0.01
0.17 ± 0.00
0.31 ± 0.01
0.44 ± 0.01
0.03 ± 0.00
0.17 ± 0.00
0.22 ± 0.00
0.30 ± 0.05
4500
0.04 ± 0.01
0.11 ± 0.00
0.30 ± 0.01
0.43 ± 0.01
0.03 ± 0.00
0.11 ± 0.00
0.21 ± 0.00
0.29 ± 0.01
5000
0.04 ± 0.01
0.16 ± 0.00
0.29 ± 0.01
0.42 ± 0.01
0.03 ± 0.00
0.11 ± 0.00
0.20 ± 0.00
0.29 ± 0.01
(b) Threshold for which at least 95% of the probabilities satisfy (19)
,
,
= 1
= 2
= 3
= 4
= 1
= 2
= 3
= 4
300
0.46 ± 0.00
0.84 ± 0.01
1.24 ± 0.01
1.62 ± 0.01
0.45 ± 0.00
0.82 ± 0.01
1.20 ± 0.01
1.55 ± 0.02
500
0.45 ± 0.00
0.81 ± 0.00
1.19 ± 0.01
1.53 ± 0.01
0.44 ± 0.00
0.78 ± 0.00
1.15 ± 0.01
1.47 ± 0.01
750
0.38 ± 0.00
0.69 ± 0.00
1.03 ± 0.01
1.32 ± 0.01
0.38 ± 0.00
0.67 ± 0.00
0.99 ± 0.01
1.26 ± 0.01
2000
0.39 ± 0.00
0.70 ± 0.00
1.05 ± 0.01
1.36 ± 0.01
0.37 ± 0.00
0.65 ± 0.00
0.95 ± 0.01
1.21 ± 0.01
2500
0.35 ± 0.00
0.63 ± 0.00
0.95 ± 0.01
1.23 ± 0.01
0.34 ± 0.00
0.58 ± 0.00
0.85 ± 0.01
1.09 ± 0.01
3000
0.34 ± 0.00
0.63 ± 0.00
0.93 ± 0.01
1.22 ± 0.01
0.33 ± 0.00
0.59 ± 0.00
0.84 ± 0.00
1.08 ± 0.01
3500
0.34 ± 0.00
0.62 ± 0.00
0.92 ± 0.01
1.20 ± 0.01
0.33 ± 0.00
0.57 ± 0.00
0.83 ± 0.00
1.06 ± 0.01
4000
0.34 ± 0.00
0.62 ± 0.00
0.91 ± 0.01
1.19 ± 0.01
0.33 ± 0.00
0.57 ± 0.00
0.82 ± 0.00
1.05 ± 0.01
4500
0.34 ± 0.00
0.61 ± 0.00
0.90 ± 0.01
1.18 ± 0.01
0.33 ± 0.00
0.56 ± 0.00
0.81 ± 0.00
1.04 ± 0.01
5000
0.34 ± 0.00
0.61 ± 0.00
0.89 ± 0.01
1.17 ± 0.01
0.33 ± 0.00
0.56 ± 0.00
0.80 ± 0.00
1.04 ± 0.01
(c) Threshold for which at least 95% of the probabilities satisfy (20)
,
,
= 1
= 2
= 3
= 4
= 1
= 2
= 3
= 4
300
1.42 ± 0.00
2.21 ± 0.02
3.28 ± 0.04
4.37 ± 0.09
1.40 ± 0.01
2.12 ± 0.02
3.07 ± 0.05
3.99 ± 0.10
500
1.08 ± 0.00
1.73 ± 0.14
2.60 ± 0.04
3.41 ± 0.01
1.06 ± 0.00
1.65 ± 0.01
2.41 ± 0.00
3.06 ± 0.07
750
0.96 ± 0.00
1.54 ± 0.01
2.28 ± 0.03
2.93 ± 0.05
0.96 ± 0.00
1.47 ± 0.01
2.13 ± 0.03
2.64 ± 0.04
2000
0.91 ± 0.00
1.50 ± 0.01
2.29 ± 0.03
3.06 ± 0.05
0.88 ± 0.00
1.33 ± 0.01
1.89 ± 0.02
2.29 ± 0.00
2500
0.90 ± 0.00
1.46 ± 0.01
2.21 ± 0.03
2.93 ± 0.05
0.88 ± 0.00
1.31 ± 0.01
1.82 ± 0.02
2.20 ± 0.03
3000
0.89 ± 0.00
1.44 ± 0.00
2.14 ± 0.03
2.83 ± 0.04
0.87 ± 0.00
1.29 ± 0.01
1.77 ± 0.02
2.14 ± 0.03
3500
0.89 ± 0.00
1.41 ± 0.01
2.08 ± 0.03
2.76 ± 0.04
0.87 ± 0.00
1.27 ± 0.01
1.72 ± 0.02
2.07 ± 0.02
4000
0.88 ± 0.00
1.40 ± 0.01
2.05 ± 0.02
2.72 ± 0.04
0.86 ± 0.00
1.25 ± 0.01
1.67 ± 0.02
2.00 ± 0.03
4500
0.88 ± 0.00
1.39 ± 0.01
2.00 ± 0.02
2.66 ± 0.04
0.86 ± 0.00
1.24 ± 0.01
1.63 ± 0.02
1.95 ± 0.02
5000
0.88 ± 0.00
1.37 ± 0.01
1.97 ± 0.02
2.62 ± 0.04
0.86 ± 0.00
1.23 ± 0.01
1.60 ± 0.00
1.93 ± 0.02
Results are presented as mean ± SEM, averaged over 50 time series of both Wistar and borderline hypertensive rats, both in baseline and in stress, and averaged over 41 time series of volunteers; results from human volunteers are in italics.
