Adult Medication-Free Schizophrenic Patients Exhibit Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acid Deficiency: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Figure 3

(a) The percentage of healthy controls (37%) and SZ patients (72%) with an omega-3 index (EPA + DHA) of ≤4.0%. (b) Comparison of the omega-3 index in adult SZ patients residing in the USA (present study), adult US patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS, 𝑛=768, from [26]), healthy adults (HA) residing in the USA (𝑛=163, from [23]), and healthy adults residing in Japan (𝑛=456; from [24]). Proposed risk zones for sudden cardiac death (SCD) derived from prior prospective longitudinal evidence [25] are indicated **𝑃=0.001 (Chi-Square).

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