Acute Pyelonephritis with Bacteremia Caused by Enterococcus hirae: A Rare Infection in Humans

Table 1

Reported cases of human infections due to E. hirae. Adapted from Alfouzan et al. [9]. AMC, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; AMP, ampicillin; AMX, amoxicillin; CFZ, cefazolin; CHF, congestive heart failure; CIP, ciprofloxacin; CMZ, cefmetazole; CRO, ceftriaxone; DM, diabetes mellitus type 2; GEN, gentamicin; LVX, levofloxacin; LZD, linezolid; PTZ, piperacillin-tazobactam; RF, rifampicin; VAN, vancomycin.

Reference	Year	Age/sex	Diagnosis	Risk factor	Clinical sample	Treatment
Gilad et al. [6]	1998	48/M	Septicaemia	End-stage renal disease, hemodialysis	Blood	VAN
Park et al. [10]	2000	21/F	Acute pyelonephritis	None	Blood, urine	AMP
Poyart et al. [11]	2002	72/M	Native valve endocarditis	Coronary artery disease	Blood	AMP, GEN, RIF, VAN
Canalejo et al. [12]	2008	55/M	Spondylodiscitis	DM	Blood	Discectomy, AMP, GEN, LVX
Kim et al. [13]	2009	57/F	Acute pyelonephritis	Rheumatoid arthritis	Blood, urine	CIP, CRO, AMC
Talarmin et al. [14]	2011	78/F	Infective endocarditis	Bioprosthetic valve	Blood	AMX, GEN
Chan et al. [15]	2012	62/F	Acute pyelonephritis	None	Blood, urine	CFZ, GEN, AMP
Chan et al. [15]	2012	83/F	Acute cholangitis	CHF, valvular heart disease	Blood	CMZ
Sim et al. [16]	2012	61/M	Bacterial peritonitis	Cirrhosis, DM	Blood, ascitic fluid	AMP
Anghinah et al. [7]	2013	56/F	Infective endocarditis	DM, cardiac ablation due to arrhythmia, foramen ovale	Blood	AMP, RIF
Alfouzan et al. [9]	2014	48/M	Multiple splenic abscesses	DM	Blood, pus	Splenectomy, AMP, PTZ, LAZ