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| Author | No. of cases | Age at diagnosis/sex | First location | Treatment undergone | Time between 1st and 2nd GCT | Second location | Treatment undergone | Followup | Duration |
|
| Kimball and Desanto (1958) [5] | 1 | 39/F | Left distal ulna | Ulna resection | 4 y | (1) Right distal humerus
(2) Frontal bone
(3) Lung metastases | Biopsy and curettage
Intensive radiotherapy | Death | 3 mo |
| Jacobs (1972) [6] | 1 | 20/M | Proximal tibia | Radiotherapy | 9 y | Right acetabulum | Curettage | N/A | N/A |
| Sybrandy and de la Fuente (1973) [7] | 1 | 53/F | Left distal femur | Excision, autoclaving, and then reimplantation of the bone | 2 y | Trochanteric area of the right femur
| Removal of tumor + arthrodesis of hip + radiotherapy (6000 cGy) | Good general condition, walks with crutches | N/A |
| Tornberg et al. (1975) [8] | 1 | 35/M | R proximal fibula | Excision + iliac bone graft | 2 y | Right tibial plateau + left proximal fibula | En bloc resection
| Independent + pain-free | 3 y |
| Sim et al. (1977) [9] |
9 | 20/M | L distal femur | Curettage + bone graft | | (1) L proximal tibia/L distal tibia
(2) L distal ulna
(3) Recurrence in L proximal tibia | (1) Curettage/observation
(2) Resection
(3) Amputation | Disease-free | 23 mo |
| 21/F | L lower cuneiform | Below knee amputation | 16 y | L1 vertebra | Excision + anterior fusion | Good | 5 y |
| 29/F | L proximal tibia | Cryotherapy + curettage + bone graft | 2 y | L distal femur | Curettage + graft | Disease-free | 10 mo |
| 24/M | L distal ulna | Curettage and then resection | 2 y
5 y
11 y | (1) L prox humerus
(2) C3
(3) R distal ulna | (1) Resection + hemiarthroplasty
(2) Radiotherapy + fusion
(3) Resection | Disease-free | 25 y |
| 21/F | R proximal humerus | Resection with Neer prosthesis
| 2 y | R proximal ilium | Resection | Disease-free | 8 y |
| 19/F | Sphenoid | Subtotal excision + radiotherapy | 3 mo | (1) R proximal tibia
(2) L distal radius | (1) Curettage + bone graft
(2) Curettage + bone graft | Disease-free, severe neurologic sequelae | N/A |
| 21/F | L distal radius | Curettage + bone graft | 10 mo | L proximal radius | Curettage | Disease-free | 15 mo |
| Peimer et al. (1980) [10] |
5 | 30/M | R ulnar head | En bloc resection | 11 y
12 y | (1) R olecranon
(2) Carpal + metacarpal bones | (1) Curettage + graft
(2) En bloc resection | N/A | |
| 20/F | L proximal 4th phalanx | Curettage + graft | 7 y | (1) L 3rd phalanx
(2) L proximal humerus | (1) Curettage + graft
(2) Curettage + graft | Recurrence in phalanx → hand amputation | N/A |
| 17/F | R tibia | Curettage + graft | 10 mo | L hallux | Curettage | Disease-free | N/A |
| 18/F | L radius | Resection + graft | 3 y | R 1st distal phalanx | Subtotal amputation | Disease-free | N/A |
| Rock et al. (1984) [11] | 1 | 50/M | L tibia | Curettage + graft then amputation for recurrence | 10 y | (1) Pelvis
(2) Scalp
(3) Lung | Resection
Resection
Radiotherapy/chemotherapy
(doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide) | Death | 1 y |
| Williams (1989) [12] | 1 | 26/M | L distal femur | Above knee amputation (associated with osteomyelitis) | 16 y | L proximal femur (pathological fracture) + R iliac wing | Resection of the proximal femur Curettage | N/A | N/A |
| Ogihara et al. (1994) [2] | 1 | 29/F | L proximal humerus | Curettage + bone grafting and then en bloc resection for recurrence | 20 y | Right proximal humerus
| Curettage, cryotherapy, and bone graft and then en bloc resection for recurrence | Disease-free | N/A |
| Hindman et al. (1994) [13] |
5 | 22/M | P1 of the L ring finger | Curettage + grafting | 3 y | R calcaneum + metastatic lung disease + L fibula + R radius | Below R knee amputation + resection of the lung lesion | Recurrence in the L calcaneum | N/A |
| 17/F | R proximal humerus | Curettage + grafting | 4 y | R distal radius | Curettage + bone graft
| Recurrence in R distal radius | 23 y (treatment N/A) |
| 10/F | L distal femur | Packing with bone graft | 6 y | L proximal tibia | Resection of the proximal tibia/distal femur + prosthesis | N/A | N/A |
| 27/M | Distal radius | N/A | 15 y | Distal humerus (same arm) | Curettage + PMMA | N/A | N/A |
| Bacchini et al. (1995) [14] | 1 | 22/F | R distal femur | Curettage + autologous bone graft | 2 y
7 y | (1) R distal femur, proximal femur, and proximal fibula
(2) + R distal tibia | (1) Observation
(2) Curettage + graft + cement (proximal tibia)/curettage + graft (distal tibia) | N/A | N/A |
| Cummins et al. (1996) [15] |
5 | 16/F | R talus | Curettage + autologous bone graft | 3 y | (1) R distal tibia
(2) R medial tibial plateau | (1) Below knee amputation
(2) Above knee amputation | Disease-free | 12 y |
| 22/M | R fibular head | En bloc resection | 2 y | R distal femur | Curettage + PMMA | Disease-free | 7 y |
| 14/F | L proximal tibia | Curettage + autologous graft | 2 y | R occipital lesion | Radiotherapy + chemotherapy | Disease-free | 16 y |
| 18/M | L distal femur | Curettage + autologous graft | 2 y
5 y | (1) R proximal tibia
(2) Humeral head (R + L) | (1) Curettage + graft and then resection + knee arthrodesis for recurrence
(2) Curettage + graft | Lost to followup | |
| Park et al. (1999) [4] | 1 | 25/M | L distal ulna | Resection of the distal segment of the ulna | 10 y | L proximal ulna | Curettage + bone chips filling | Recurrence at 2 y → total removal L ulna | N/A |
| Mondal et al. (2001) [16] | 1 | 10/M | R proximal humerus | Curettage + graft | 4 y | R proximal tibia | Curettage + PMMA | Disease-free | 5 y |
| Taylor et al. (2003) [17] | 1 | 13/M | L proximal tibia | Excisional biopsy, curettage, burring, and phenol application + PMMA | 23 mo
28 mo
31 mo
40 mo
42 mo
52 mo
68 mo | (1) L distal tibia
(2) L femoral head
(3) L lateral femoral condyle
(4) L patella
(5) L distal tibia
(6) L distal tibia, recurrence/fracture
(7) L proximal fibula | (1) Curettage, phenol, nitrogen, and PMMA
(2) Curettage, PMMA
(3) Curettage, PMMA
(4) Curettage, PMMA
(5) Curettage, nitrogen, and PMMA
(6) Resection, bone transport, and arthrodesis
(7) Resection, ligamentous reconstruction | Disease-free | N/A |
| Haskell et al.(2003) [18] | 1 | 23/F | R proximal tibia | Resection of proximal tibia + arthrodesis (allograft autologous graft) | 24 y | L iliac wing near the sacroiliac joint
| Extensive curettage + 3% hydrogen peroxide solution + reconstruction with PMMA + pins | Disease-free | 3 y |
| Rousseau et al. (2004) [19] | 1 | 19/F | R distal femur | Curettage + autologous bone graft | 4 y
16 y
20 y
21 y | (1) R proximal tibia
(2) R distal tibia + fibula
(3) Recurrence in R proximal tibia + R distal fibula
(4) Recurrence in R proximal tibia | (1) Curettage + autologous bone grafting
(2) Curettage + PMMA
(3) Curettage + PMMA
(4) Curettage + PMMA | Disease-free | N/A |
| Stratil and Stacy (2005) [1] | 1 | 15/M | L fibular head | Partial fibulectomy + curettage | 1 y | L distal tibia Sacrum | Curettage + bone graft + PMMA Curettage, decompression + spinal fusion Chemotherapy | Disease-free | N/A |
| McKinney et al. (2006) [20] | 1 | 44/F | R pelvic lesion | Curettage + autologous bone graft | 15 y | Sphenoid bone | Subtotal resection of the sphenoid bone | Persistence of sphenoid + iliac lesions | 3 mo |
| Zahid et al. (2010) [21] | 1 | 15/F | R 4th metacarpal bone | Resection + reconstruction with fibular graft | 18 mo
4 y | (1) 3rd + 5th metacarpal bones
(2) R distal humerus | (1) Resection + reconstruction with fibular graft
(2) Resection + arthrodesis | Disease-free | N/A |
| Yazdi et al. (2012) [22] | 1 | 19/F | R distal radius | Resection | N/A | (1) L proximal + middle humerus
(2) R sacral lesion
(3) Nasopharynx/pterygoid |
(1) Resection + prosthesis
(2) Embolisation, debulking, and radiation therapy
(3) Debulking, radiation therapy | Disease-free | 1 y |
| This case | 1 | 18/F | R distal humerus | Curettage + phenol + PMMA and then elbow resection + elbow arthroplasty for recurrence | 11 y | L iliac bone | Curettage + phenol + alcohol + PMMA | Disease-free | 1 y |
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