Clear Cell Carcinoma Arising from Cesarean Section Scar Endometriosis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Table 1

Twenty-one cases of malignant transformation from abdominal wall endometriosis.

No.	Reference	Age; (years)	Previous; surgery	Delay; (years)	Histology	Coexisting endometriosis on histology	Surgical treatment	CT	RT	Followup; (months)	Outcome
1.	Schnieber and Wagner-Kolb [8]	40	CS	15	CCC	Yes	LR, TAH + BSO	−	+	18	DOD
2.	Hitti et al. [9]	46	CS	14	CCC	Yes	LR, TAH + BSO	−	−	30	NED
3.	Markopoulos et al. [10]	50	CS	25	EC	No	LR	−	−	24	NED
4.	Gücer et al. [11]	45	CS	8	EC	Unclear	LR	−	−	20	DOD
5.	Miller et al. [12]	38	CS	9	CCC	Yes	LR, TAH + BSO	−	+	60	NED
6.	Park et al. [13]	54	CS	26	CCC	Yes	LR	−	+	6 weeks	NED
7.	Ishida et al. [14]	56	CS	24	CCC	No	LR	−	+	48	DOD
8.	Matter et al. [15]	60	CS	41	EC	Yes	LR	−	−	18	NED
9.	Li et al. [16]	38	CS	10	SC	No	LR, TAH + BSO + OMT	−	−	14	NED
10.	Leng et al. [17]	41	CS	16	Carcinosarcoma	Yes	LR	−	−	15	DOD
11.	Sergent et al. [18]	45	CS	28	CCC	No	LR, BSO	+	−	6	DOD
12.	Harry et al. [19]	55	CS	30	CCC	Yes	LR	−	+	18	NED
13.	Bats et al. [20]	38	CS	13	CCC	Yes	LR, TAH + BSO	+	−	2	NED
14.	Williams et al. [21]	53	CS	17	CCC	No	LR, TAH + BSO	+	+	11	DOD
15.	Matsuo et al. [22]	37	LC	10	CCC	No	LR, TAH + BSO + OMT, PEN	+	−	18	REC
16.	Omranipour and Najafi [23]	59	D & C^*	20	SC	No	LR	+	−	12	NED
17.	Bourdel et al. [24]	43	CS	Unclear	CCC	Unclear	LR, TAH + BSO	+	+	22	DOD
18.	Shalin et al. [7]	47	CS	Unclear	CCC	Yes	LR	+	+	7	NED
19.	Mert et al. [25]	42	CS, USO	Unclear	CCC	Yes	LR, TAH + BSO	+	−	1	NED
20.	Mert et al. [25]	51	CS, TAH	Unclear	CCC	Yes	LR, BSO + OMT	−	+	31	NED
21.	This case	60	CS	35	CCC	Yes	LR	−	−	8	REC

BSO: bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, CCC: clear cell adenocarcinoma, CS: cesarean section, D & C: dilatation and curettage, DOD: died of disease, EC: endometrioid adenocarcinoma, LC: laparoscopic cystectomy, LR: local resection, NED: no evidence of disease, OMT: omentectomy, PEN: pelvic lymph nodes dissection, REC: recurrence, SC: serous adenocarcinoma, TAH: total abdominal hysterectomy, USO: unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and ^*laparotomy for perforation of the uterus during D & C.