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| Serial number | Palatal swellings | Clinical features | Histopathological features |
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| (1) | Mucus extravasation phenomenon | (i) Bluish nodule covered by epithelium
(ii) Painful, seen in lower lip, buccal mucosa
(iii) Adolescent and children common | (i) False cyst, circumscribed cavity in connective tissue and submucosa
(ii) Wall is made up of lining of compressed fibrous connective tissue and fibroblast |
| (2) | Pleomorphic adenoma | (i) Solitary, firm asymptomatic mass covered by epithelium
(ii) Malignant tumors may cause pain, paresthesia, or ulceration
(iii) Young adults
(iv) Most common intraorally in palate followed by tongue, upper lip | (i) Epithelial component forms duct and small cyst containing eosinophilic coagulum
(ii) Small cellular nest, sheath of cells, foci of keratinising squamous or spindle cells, myoepithelial cells appear angular or spindle, rounded with eccentric nuclei and hyalinised eosinophilic cytoplasm |
| (3) | Non-Hodgkins
Lymphoma | (i) Common in male older than 50 yrs
(ii) Endemic geographical factor appears to influence development of non-Hodgkins lymphoma.
(iii) Systemic symptoms fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue
(iv) Organ specific symptoms—shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, abdominal pain, bone pain | (i) Nodular or diffuse nodular pattern—neoplastic cells aggregate and large clusters of cells are seen
(ii) Diffuse pattern is characterised by monotonous distribution of cells |
| (4) | Torus | (i) Asymptomatic bony hard swelling of hard palate, bony exophytic bone along lingual aspect of mandibular torpid
(ii) Young adults | (i) Compact/cancellous bone |
| (5) | Neoplasm of maxilla or maxillary sinus | (i) Palatal swelling with or without ulceration, pain, or paresthesia
(ii) Loosening of teeth or malocclusion
(iii) Any age, rare | |
| (6) | Palatal abscess from periapical region | (i) Painful, pus-filled, fluctuant tumescence of hard palate,
(ii) Reddish color associated with nonvital tooth | |
| (7) | Adenoid cystic carcinoma | (i) 5th and 6th decade of life, common in females
(ii) Salivary glands most commonly involved are parotid, submaxillary, and accessory glands in palate and tongue
(iii) Symptoms pain, facial nerve paralysis, and ulceration | (i) Composed of myoepithelial cells and ductal cells
(ii) Morphologically 3 growth patterns cribriform—Swiss cheese or honey comb pattern
(iii) Tubular pattern—lined by stratified cuboidal epithelium
(iv) Solid pattern—group of cuboidal cells with tendency of duct or cyst formation |
| (8) | Abrikossoff’s tumor | (i) Benign lesion affecting the mucous membrane of the upper aerodigestive tract
(ii) Common site anterior part of the tongue
(iii) Predilection for females, age range varies from 4 months to 89 years | (i) Necrosis, cells in fusiform strings, nuclear pleomorphism, large nucleus with vesicular core
(ii) Increased mitotic activity
(iii) Increased nucleus radius in relation to cytoplasm |
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