Case Report

The Pathophysiology and Management of Coprophagia: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review

Table 1

Review of selected literature on the comorbidities and concurrent symptoms of coprophagia.

Article GenderAgeIllnessesSymptoms and SignsLab Findings/Imaginig Studies

Coprophagia in an 8-Year-Old Hospitalized Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Bacewicz, et al., 2017. [9]Male8 years oldFeculent emesis of well-formed stoolOral fixation, immaturity, denied coprophagia

Coprophagia in an elderly man: a case report and review of the literature. Beck, et al., 2005. [5]Male77 years oldMild mental retardation, cognitive dysfunction, depression

Coprophagic cafè coronary. Byard, et al., 2001. [11]Male74 years oldMultiinfarct dementia and atherosclerosisFound dead attributed to upper airway obstruction due to a bolus of fecal material impacted within the laryngopharynx

A case of coprophagia presenting with sialadenitis. Donnellan, et al., 1999. [12]Female94 years oldDementia and recurrent submandibular sialadenitis secondary to coprophagiaDisoriented, incontinentTomography scan of brain: generalized cerebral atrophy

Coprophagic Asphyxation in an Intellectually Disabled Woman. Erickson, et al., 2017. [13]Female36 years oldIntellectual disability, bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, aging disordersFound dead due to aspiration of stool bolus during an episode of coprophagiaNo signs of vitamin, iron, or thiamine deficiency, no abnormal GI and brain findings

Treatment of a retarded child’s faeces smearing and coprophagic behaviour. Friedin, et al., 1979. [14]Male7 years oldIntellectual disabilityIncontinence, smearing his own feces, coprophagia

A clinical study of adult coprophagics. Ghaziuddin, et al., 1985. [15]14 patients (2 Male and 12 Female)Average age was 71. The youngest patient was 61 years oldEpilepsy (2), depression, cerebral atrophy and left hemispheric cognitive dysfunction (1), fluctuating topic confusional states (2)Speech disturbances (10), wanderers (8), persistent abnormal mouth movements (4), episodically aggressive (6)Normal thiamine levels

Coprophagia in neurologic disorders. Josephs, et al., 2016. [1]12 patients (6 Male and 6 Female)Average age was 55 (20-88 years)Neurodegenerative dementia (6), developmental delay(2) seizures (1), steroid psychosis(1), frontal lobe tumor(1), schizoaffective disorder (1)Fecal smearing (6), aggression (5), hypersexuality(4), pica (4)Moderate-to-severe medial temporal lobe atrophy and frontal lobe atrophy (6), brain imagining associated with the patient diagnosis (4), brain imaging normal (2)

Coprophagia and urodipsia in a chronic mentally ill woman. McGee, et al., 1989. [4]FemaleNot reported (old)Residual schizophrenia and depressionUrodipsia

Aripripazole treatment for coprophagia in autistic disorder. Pardini, et al., 2010. [3]Male29 years oldHigh functioning autistic spectrum disorderBlood studies (including thiamine concentration) and neurological examination were unrevealing

Coprophagia and pica in individuals with mild to moderate dementia and mixed (iron deficiency and microcytic) anemia. Sharma, et al., 2011. [2]Female83 years oldAlzheimer’s disease, major depressive disorder, and mixed (iron deficiency and microcytic) anemia

Treatment of coprophagia with carbamazepine. Stewart, 1995. [7]Male46 years oldLeft frontotemporal multiform glioblastomaSevere dementia, global aphasia, hemiparesis, seizure disorder

Escalation of a fetish: coprophagia in a nonpsychotic adult of normal intelligence. Wise, et al., 1995. [10]Male47 years oldDepression and alcohol abuseCoprophilia, shame, self-disgust