Isolated Central Sulcus Hemorrhage: A Rare Presentation Most Frequently Associated with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Table 1

Etiologies that can present with cortical, subcortical, or sulcal hemorrhage [2–5].

(i) Amyloid angiopathy (cortical/subcortical in location, may be associated with subarachnoid and subdural hemorrhages)
(ii) Aneurysm rupture (subarachnoid and cisternal)
(iii) Arterial dissection (subarachnoid hemorrhage, majority involve the posterior circulation)
(iv) Bleeding diathesis (may show fluid-blood levels, associated with thrombocytopenia or abnormal prothrombin time)
(v) Drug abuse (intraparenchymal or subarachnoid hemorrhage)
(vi) Hypertension (central, involving the thalamus and basal ganglia)
(vii) Malignancy (subcortical, associated edema and mass effect)
(viii) Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome or PRES (focal intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage with characteristic signal changes)
(ix) Trauma (predilection for inferior frontal and temporal lobes)
(x) Vascular malformations (subarachnoid or cortical hemorrhages, better characterized on CT or MR angiograms)
(xi) Vasculitis (intraparenchymal and associated with multiple areas of subcortical infarctions)
(xii) Venous thrombosis (subcortical)