Aortic Pseudoaneurysm Secondary to Mediastinitis due to Esophageal Perforation

Table 1

Foreign body and false aneurysm PubMed search results.

Authors	Country	Sex	Age	Cause of perforation		Signs and symptoms	Imaging findings	Treatment	Follow-up
Chao et al. [2]	Australia	M	76 y	Esophageal botulinum toxin injection for achalasia	1 week	Chest pain, SIRS	Pseudoaneurysm of the descending aorta with mediastinal abscess	Endovascular stent graft, antibiotics	Discharge, follow-up for 4 months with no symptoms
Chen et al. [14]	China	F	57 y	Fish bone	6 days	Chest discomfort, chills, emesis, dysphagia, SIRS	Pseudoaneurysm in the aortic isthmus, mediastinal abscess, bilateral pleural effusion	Antibiotics, resection of the pseudoaneurysm, resection of the esophagus	Discharge, but suicide a year later
Chen et al. [14]	China	M	54 y	Fish bone	6 days	Chest pain, hematemesis, SIRS	Pseudoaneurysm in the aortic isthmus, mediastinal abscess, bilateral pleural effusion	Endovascular stent graft, antibiotics, bilateral thoracostomy	Discharge, follow-up for 2 months with no symptoms
Choi et al. [22]	South Korea	M	31 y	Fish bone	3 days after fish bone removal	Fever	Aortic rupture	Endovascular stent graft, esophageal resection	Discharge, follow-up for 4 months with no symptoms
Chen et al. [23]	China	M	22 y	Chicken bone	1 week	Chest discomfort, hematemesis, leukocytosis	Esophageal-mediastinal fistula surrounded by inflammatory exudate Pseudoaneurysm of the descending aorta	Endovascular stent graft, esophageal stent, mediastinal debridement	Discharge, the esophageal stent was removed 80 days after surgery; follow-up for 6 months with no symptoms
Kunishige et al. [1]	Japan	F	79 y	Fish bone	11 days after fish bone removal	Hematemesis, SIRS, positive PCR	Pseudoaneurysm of the aortic arch with no fistulous tract with the esophagus	Esophageal hemostasia, antibiotics, thoracotomy with mediastinal debridement; the space was filled with omentum from colon and stomach	Discharge, follow-up for 2 months with no symptoms
Sia et al. [24]	Malaysia	M	54 y	Fish bone	1 week	Hematemesis, odynophagia, dysphagia, fever	Saccular outpouching (pseudoaneurysm) of the descending aorta Mediastinal abscess	Endovascular stent graft, antibiotics	Esophageal reconstruction was not possible because the patient died due to sepsis
Sica et al. [17]	United Kingdom	F	57 y	Fish bone	1 week	Chest pain, SIRS, positive PCR	Abscess in the superior mediastinum, contrast leakage from the aorta into the mediastinum	Antibiotics, thoracotomy with debridement of the mediastinal tissue, aortic homograft patch, resection of the esophagus	Discharge, follow-up for 12 months with no symptoms

: time from perforation to emergency room.