Annoying Hiccups following Intra-Articular Corticosteroid Injection of Betamethasone Acetate/Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate at the Knee Joint

Table 1

Demographic and clinical parameters of the patients.

Parameter	Case number
	1°	2°	3^±	4^′′	5^'	6*
Age	52	48	38	42	66	42
Gender	Male	Male	Male	Male	Male	Male
Area of injection	Subacromial; bursa	Plantar fascia	Ankle joint	Shoulder; joint	Shoulder joint	Knee; joint
Type of preparation	TA	MPA	BM	BM	Dexa	BM
Dose	NA	NA	NA	6 mg	NA	6 mg
Time of appearance of hiccups	Next day	NA	Next day	12 h	4 h	9 h
Duration of hiccups	72 h	24 h	24 h	1 day	2 days	10 days
Treatment and effect	Chlorpromazine; Good	NA	None	Valsalva maneuver; Good	NA	Metoclopramide; Good
Recurrent IACI and type	Yes; TA	No	Yes, TA	No	No	No
Recurrence of hiccups	Yes		Yes
Time of appearance	NA		Next day
Duration	NA		2 weeks
Treatment and effect	Admission to hospital		Levomepromazine; Good

*Our case, °refrence number [4], ^±reference number [5], ′′reference number [6], and ^'reference number [7].
Abbreviations. IM: intramuscular, TA: triamcinolone preparation, MPA: methylprednisolone acetate, BM: betamethasone preparation, Dexa: dexamethasone preparation, NA: not available, and h: hour.